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05 尼希米记第5章



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████    重点词汇
████    难点词汇
████    生僻词
████    词组 & 惯用语

[学习本文需要基础词汇量：7,000 ]
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：4,000 ]

尼5:1
Now the men and their wives raised a great outcry against their Jewish brothers.
百姓和他们的妻大大呼号，埋怨他们的弟兄犹大人。


尼5:2
Some were saying, "We and our sons and daughters are numerous; in order for us to eat and stay alive, we must get grain."
有的说：“我们和儿女人口众多，要去得粮食度命。”


尼5:3
Others were saying, "We are mortgaging our fields, our vineyards and our homes to get grain during the famine."
有的说：“我们典了田地、葡萄园、房屋，要得粮食充饥。”


尼5:4
Still others were saying, "We have had to borrow money to pay the king's tax on our fields and vineyards.
有的说：“我们已经指着田地、葡萄园，借了钱给王纳税。


尼5:5
Although we are of the same flesh and blood as our countrymen and though our sons are as good as theirs, yet we have to subject our sons and daughters to slavery. Some of our daughters have already been enslaved, but we are powerless, because our fields and our vineyards belong to others."
我们的身体与我们弟兄的身体一样；我们的儿女与他们的儿女一般。现在我们将要使儿女作人的仆婢，我们的女儿已有为婢的。我们并无力拯救，因为我们的田地、葡萄园已经归了别人。”


尼5:6
When I heard their outcry and these charges, I was very angry.
我听见他们呼号，说这些话，便甚发怒。


尼5:7
I pondered them in my mind and then accused the nobles and officials. I told them, "You are exacting usury from your own countrymen!" So I called together a large meeting to deal with them
我心里筹划，就斥责贵胄和官长说：“你们各人向弟兄取利！”于是我招聚大会攻击他们。


尼5:8
and said: "As far as possible, we have bought back our Jewish brothers who were sold to the Gentiles. Now you are selling your brothers, only for them to be sold back to us!" They kept quiet, because they could find nothing to say.
我对他们说：“我们尽力赎回我们弟兄，就是卖与外邦的犹大人；你们还要卖弟兄，使我们赎回来吗？”他们就静默不语，无话可答。


尼5:9
So I continued, "What you are doing is not right. Shouldn't you walk in the fear of our God to avoid the reproach of our Gentile enemies?
我又说：“你们所行的不善！你们行事不当敬畏我们的 神吗？不然，难免我们的仇敌外邦人毁谤我们。


尼5:10
I and my brothers and my men are also lending the people money and grain. But let the exacting of usury stop!
我和我的弟兄与仆人也将银钱、粮食借给百姓，我们大家都当免去利息。


尼5:11
Give back to them immediately their fields, vineyards, olive groves and houses, and also the usury you are charging them -- the hundredth part of the money, grain, new wine and oil."
如今我劝你们将他们的田地、葡萄园、橄榄园、房屋，并向他们所取的银钱、粮食、新酒和油，百分之一的利息都归还他们。”


尼5:12
"We will give it back," they said. "And we will not demand anything more from them. We will do as you say." Then I summoned the priests and made the nobles and officials take an oath to do what they had promised.
众人说：“我们必归还，不再向他们索要，必照你的话行。”我就召了祭司来，叫众人起誓，必照着所应许的而行。


尼5:13
I also shook out the folds of my robe and said, "In this way may God shake out of his house and possessions every man who does not keep this promise. So may such a man be shaken out and emptied!" At this the whole assembly said, "Amen," and praised the LORD. And the people did as they had promised.
我也抖着胸前的衣襟说：“凡不成就这应许的，愿 神照样抖他离开家产和他劳碌得来的，直到抖空了。”会众都说：“阿们！”又赞美耶和华。百姓就照着所应许的去行。


尼5:14
Moreover, from the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes, when I was appointed to be their governor in the land of Judah, until his thirty-second year -- twelve years -- neither I nor my brothers ate the food allotted to the governor.
自从我奉派作犹大地的省长，就是从亚达薛西王二十年直到三十二年，共十二年之久，我与我弟兄都没有吃省长的俸禄。


尼5:15
But the earlier governors -- those preceding me -- placed a heavy burden on the people and took forty shekels of silver from them in addition to food and wine. Their assistants also lorded it over the people. But out of reverence for God I did not act like that.
在我以前的省长，加重百姓的担子，每日索要粮食和酒，并银子四十舍客勒，就是他们的仆人也辖制百姓；但我因敬畏 神，不这样行。


尼5:16
Instead, I devoted myself to the work on this wall. All my men were assembled there for the work; we did not acquire any land.
并且我恒心修造城墙，并没有置买田地，我的仆人也都聚集在那里做工。


尼5:17
Furthermore, a hundred and fifty Jews and officials ate at my table, as well as those who came to us from the surrounding nations.
除了从四围外邦中来的犹大人以外，有犹大平民和官长一百五十人在我席上吃饭。


尼5:18
Each day one ox, six choice sheep and some poultry were prepared for me, and every ten days an abundant supply of wine of all kinds. In spite of all this, I never demanded the food allotted to the governor, because the demands were heavy on these people.
每日预备一只公牛、六只肥羊，又预备些飞禽，每十日一次，多预备各样的酒。虽然如此，我并不要省长的俸禄，因为百姓服役甚重。


尼5:19
Remember me with favor, O my God, for all I have done for these people.
我的 神啊，求你记念我为这百姓所行的一切事，施恩与我。


知识点

重点词汇
spite [spaɪt] n. 不顾；恶意；怨恨 vt. 刁难；使恼怒 {cet4 cet6 ky gre :4179}

preceding [prɪ'si:dɪŋ] v. 在...之前（precede的ing形式） adj. 在前的；前述的 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :4328}

summoned [ˈsʌmənd] v. 传唤；召集（summon的过去分词） { :4505}

slavery [ˈsleɪvəri] n. 奴役；奴隶制度；奴隶身份 {gk cet4 cet6 :4574}

nobles [ˈnəublz] n. 贵族（noble的复数） v. （英）抓住（noble的第三人称单数） n. (Nobles)人名；(英)诺布尔斯 { :4808}

robe [rəʊb] n. 长袍，礼服；制服 vi. 穿长袍 vt. 使穿长袍 n. (Robe)人名；(德、罗、塞)罗贝；(英、法)罗布 {cet4 cet6 ky gre :5241}

theirs [ðeəz] pron. 他们的；她们的；它们的 {zk gk :5421}

pondered ['pɒndəd] v. 考虑( ponder的过去式和过去分词 ); 深思熟虑; 沉思; 琢磨 { :5982}

olive [ˈɒlɪv] n. 橄榄；橄榄树；橄榄色 adj. 橄榄的；橄榄色的 n. (Olive)人名；(英)奥利芙(女子教名) {cet6 :6160}

abundant [əˈbʌndənt] adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产 {gk cet4 ky toefl gre :6223}

oath [əʊθ] n. 誓言，誓约；诅咒，咒骂 {cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :6353}

Groves [grəuvz] n. 格罗夫斯（男子名）（女子名）或（姓氏） { :6481}

famine [ˈfæmɪn] n. 饥荒；饥饿，奇缺 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :6925}

poultry [ˈpəʊltri] n. 家禽 家禽肉 {cet6 ky toefl ielts :7625}

powerless [ˈpaʊələs] adj. 无力的；[劳经] 无能力的，无权的 { :8511}

vineyards [ˈvɪnjədz] n. 葡萄园( vineyard的名词复数 ) { :9056}

countrymen ['kʌntrɪmən] n. 同胞; 同国人; 同乡; 乡下人; 乡下人( countryman的名词复数 ); 同胞 { :9572}

reverence [ˈrevərəns] n. 崇敬；尊严；敬礼 vt. 敬畏；尊敬 {toefl :10327}

amen [ɑ:'men] n. 祈祷的结束语；赞成 int. （表示衷心赞成）阿门；（祈祷时的结尾语）阿门 adv. 真实地 n. (Amen)人名；(法)阿芒；(英、罗、阿拉伯)阿门 { :10827}

outcry [ˈaʊtkraɪ] n. 强烈抗议；大声疾呼；尖叫；倒彩 {cet6 toefl ielts :11445}

allotted [ə'lɒtɪd] v. 分配；指派；拨给（allot的过去分词） adj. 专款的；拨出的 { :11461}

ox [ɒks] n. 牛；公牛 {gk cet4 cet6 ky :11804}


难点词汇
reproach [rɪˈprəʊtʃ] n. 责备；耻辱 vt. 责备；申斥 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :14678}

enslaved [enˈsleɪvd] n. 奴役（死亡金属乐队） { :14755}

hundredth [ˈhʌndrədθ] n. 第一百，第一百个；百分之一 adj. 第一百的；一百分之一的 { :15209}

gentiles ['dʒentaɪlz] n. 非犹太人，异教徒（gentile的复数形式） { :17620}

gentile [ˈdʒentaɪl] n. 非犹太人；异教徒；异邦人 n. (Gentile)人名；(法)让蒂勒；(意)真蒂莱；(英)金泰尔 adj. 非犹太人的；异教徒的；非摩门教徒的 { :17620}

usury [ˈju:ʒəri] n. 高利；高利贷；利益 {gre :29379}

shekels ['ʃeklz] n. 古希伯来或巴比伦的衡量单位（或钱币）( shekel的名词复数 ) { :32761}

Judah ['dʒu:dә] n. （圣经中的）犹大；犹大的后裔 { :35807}


复习词汇
grain [greɪn] n. 粮食；颗粒；[作物] 谷物；纹理 vt. 使成谷粒 vi. 成谷粒 n. (Grain)人名；(法)格兰 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :3222}


生僻词
artaxerxes [,ɑ:tə'zə:ksi:z] n. 亚达薛西（圣经人物，波斯王）


词组
allot to [ ] 分给，拨给；分派给

borrow money [ ] [网络] 借钱；借债；开口向别人借钱

exact of [ ] 逼取，逼着要，硬要

flesh and blood [fleʃ ænd blʌd] na. 血肉；肉体；人性；人类 [网络] 血肉之躯；骨肉；亲骨肉

heavy burden [ ] un. 重料；重荷载；重装料 [网络] 重负；沉重的负担；重炉料

in spite [ ] na. 为泄愤 [网络] 工人们还是很早就出发了；恶意地；尽管

in spite of [in spait ɔv] na. spite of 不管；〔古语〕无视 [网络] 尽管；不顾；虽然 {toefl :0}

olive grove [ ] [网络] 橄榄树丛；橄榄树林；橄榄园

olive groves [ ] [网络] 橄榄树丛

praise the Lord [ ] [网络] 赞美主；希伯来语意思是赞美耶和华；我要称颂

spite of [ ] conj.不管,无视

take an oath [teik æn əuθ] na. 立誓说…是千真万确的；发誓 [网络] 宣誓；起誓；赌咒

the fold [ ] [网络] 收获季节；T形折叠钱包；折叠

the noble [ ] [网络] 贵族；贵族酒；高贵者

to borrow [ ] [网络] 借；向……借；借取

took an oath [ ] 宣誓；发誓；立誓



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