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04 以斯拉记第4章



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████    重点词汇
████    难点词汇
████    生僻词
████    词组 & 惯用语

[学习本文需要基础词汇量：8,000 ]
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：4,000 ]

拉4:1
When the enemies of Judah and Benjamin heard that the exiles were building a temple for the LORD, the God of Israel,
犹大和便雅悯的敌人，听说被掳归回的人为耶和华以色列的 神建造殿宇，


拉4:2
they came to Zerubbabel and to the heads of the families and said, "Let us help you build because, like you, we seek your God and have been sacrificing to him since the time of Esarhaddon king of Assyria, who brought us here."
就去见所罗巴伯和以色列的族长，对他们说：“请容我们与你们一同建造，因为我们寻求你们的 神，与你们一样。自从亚述王以撒哈顿带我们上这地以来，我们常祭祀 神。”


拉4:3
But Zerubbabel, Jeshua and the rest of the heads of the families of Israel answered, "You have no part with us in building a temple to our God. We alone will build it for the LORD, the God of Israel, as King Cyrus, the king of Persia, commanded us."
但所罗巴伯、耶书亚和其余以色列的族长对他们说：“我们建造 神的殿与你们无干，我们自己为耶和华以色列的 神协力建造，是照波斯王古列所吩咐的。”


拉4:4
Then the peoples around them set out to discourage the people of Judah and make them afraid to go on building.
那地的民就在犹大人建造的时候，使他们的手发软，扰乱他们。


拉4:5
They hired counselors to work against them and frustrate their plans during the entire reign of Cyrus king of Persia and down to the reign of Darius king of Persia.
从波斯王古列年间，直到波斯王大利乌登基的时候，贿买谋士，要败坏他们的谋算。


拉4:6
At the beginning of the reign of Xerxes, they lodged an accusation against the people of Judah and Jerusalem.
在亚哈随鲁才登基的时候，上本控告犹大和耶路撒冷的居民。


拉4:7
And in the days of Artaxerxes king of Persia, Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel and the rest of his associates wrote a letter to Artaxerxes. The letter was written in Aramaic script and in the Aramaic language.
亚达薛西年间，比施兰、米特利达、他别和他们的同党，上本奏告波斯王亚达薛西，本章是用亚兰文字、亚兰方言；


拉4:8
Rehum the commanding officer and Shimshai the secretary wrote a letter against Jerusalem to Artaxerxes the king as follows:
省长利宏、书记伸帅要控告耶路撒冷人，也上本奏告亚达薛西王。


拉4:9
Rehum the commanding officer and Shimshai the secretary, together with the rest of their associates -- the judges and officials over the men from Tripolis, Persia, Erech and Babylon, the Elamites of Susa,
省长利宏、书记伸帅和同党的底拿人、亚法萨提迦人、他毗拉人、亚法撒人、亚基卫人、巴比伦人、书珊迦人、底亥人、以拦人，


拉4:10
and the other people whom the great and honorable Ashurbanipal deported and settled in the city of Samaria and elsewhere in Trans-Euphrates.
和尊大的亚斯那巴所迁移、安置在撒马利亚城并大河西一带地方的人等，


拉4:11
(This is a copy of the letter they sent him.) To King Artaxerxes, From your servants, the men of Trans-Euphrates:
上奏亚达薛西王说：“河西的臣民云云。


拉4:12
The king should know that the Jews who came up to us from you have gone to Jerusalem and are rebuilding that rebellious and wicked city. They are restoring the walls and repairing the foundations.
王该知道，从王那里上到我们这里的犹大人，已经到耶路撒冷重建这反叛恶劣的城，筑立根基，建造城墙。


拉4:13
Furthermore, the king should know that if this city is built and its walls are restored, no more taxes, tribute or duty will be paid, and the royal revenues will suffer.
如今王该知道，他们若建造这城，城墙完毕，就不再与王进贡、交课、纳税，终久王必受亏损。


拉4:14
Now since we are under obligation to the palace and it is not proper for us to see the king dishonored, we are sending this message to inform the king,
我们既食御盐，不忍见王吃亏，因此奏告于王。


拉4:15
so that a search may be made in the archives of your predecessors. In these records you will find that this city is a rebellious city, troublesome to kings and provinces, a place of rebellion from ancient times. That is why this city was destroyed.
请王考察先王的实录，必在其上查知这城是反叛的城，与列王和各省有害。自古以来，其中常有悖逆的事，因此这城曾被拆毁。


拉4:16
We inform the king that if this city is built and its walls are restored, you will be left with nothing in Trans-Euphrates.
我们谨奏王知，这城若再建造，城墙完毕，河西之地王就无分了。”


拉4:17
The king sent this reply: To Rehum the commanding officer, Shimshai the secretary and the rest of their associates living in Samaria and elsewhere in Trans-Euphrates: Greetings.
那时，王谕覆省长利宏、书记伸帅和他们的同党，就是住撒马利亚并河西一带地方的人说：“愿你们平安云云：


拉4:18
The letter you sent us has been read and translated in my presence.
你们所上的本，已经明读在我面前。


拉4:19
I issued an order and a search was made, and it was found that this city has a long history of revolt against kings and has been a place of rebellion and sedition.
我已命人考查，得知此城古来果然背叛列王，其中常有反叛悖逆的事。


拉4:20
Jerusalem has had powerful kings ruling over the whole of Trans-Euphrates, and taxes, tribute and duty were paid to them.
从前耶路撒冷也有大君王统管河西全地，人就给他们进贡、交课、纳税。


拉4:21
Now issue an order to these men to stop work, so that this city will not be rebuilt until I so order.
现在你们要出告示，命这些人停工，使这城不得建造，等我降旨。


拉4:22
Be careful not to neglect this matter. Why let this threat grow, to the detriment of the royal interests?
你们当谨慎，不可迟延。为何容害加重，使王受亏损呢？”


拉4:23
As soon as the copy of the letter of King Artaxerxes was read to Rehum and Shimshai the secretary and their associates, they went immediately to the Jews in Jerusalem and compelled them by force to stop.
亚达薛西王的上谕读在利宏和书记伸帅，并他们的同党面前，他们就急忙往耶路撒冷去见犹大人，用势力强迫他们停工。


拉4:24
Thus the work on the house of God in Jerusalem came to a standstill until the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia.
于是，在耶路撒冷神殿的工程就停止了，直停到波斯王大利乌第二年。


知识点

重点词汇
benjamin [ˈbendʒəmin] n. 本杰明（男子名）；受宠爱的幼子 { :4061}

sacrificing [ˈsækrifaisɪŋ] 牺牲 祭祀 亏本出售（sacrifice的现在分词） { :4068}

predecessors [ˈpri:disesəz] n. 前任( predecessor的名词复数 ); 前辈; （被取代的）原有事物; 前身 { :4183}

discourage [dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ] vt. 阻止；使气馁 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl :4211}

compelled [kəm'peld] v. 迫使（compel的过去式及过去分词形式）；强迫 { :4449}

neglect [nɪˈglekt] vt. 疏忽，忽视；忽略 n. 疏忽，忽视；怠慢 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :4477}

archives ['ɑ:kaɪvz] n. 档案，档案室；案卷（archive的复数） v. 把…收集归档；把…存档（archive的三单形式） {ielts :4821}

frustrate [frʌˈstreɪt] vt. 挫败；阻挠；使感到灰心 adj. 挫败的；无益的 vi. 失败；受挫 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :4856}

accusation [ˌækjuˈzeɪʃn] n. 控告，指控；谴责 {toefl :4870}

exiles [ˈeksailz] n. 流放，放逐，流亡( exile的名词复数 ); 长期离家[出国]; 被流放者，流亡国外者，背井离乡者 v. 流放，放逐，使流亡( exile的第三人称单数 ) { :5086}

lodged [lɔdʒd] v. lodge的过去分词 { :5269}

wicked [ˈwɪkɪd] adj. 邪恶的；恶劣的；不道德的；顽皮的 {cet4 cet6 ky ielts gre :5319}

rebellion [rɪˈbeljən] n. 叛乱；反抗；谋反；不服从 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl :5367}

Jerusalem [dʒә'ru:sәlәm] n. 耶路撒冷(以色列首都)；耶路撒冷〔巴勒斯坦古城,犹太教、基督教和伊斯兰教的圣地〕 { :5844}

greetings [ɡ'ri:tɪŋz] n. 问候；打招呼；问候语（greeting的复数） { :6324}

revolt [rɪˈvəʊlt] n. 反抗；叛乱；反感 vt. 使反感；使恶心 vi. 反抗；反叛；反感，厌恶 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :6556}

honorable ['ɒnərəbl] adj. 光荣的；可敬的；高贵的 {ky :7084}

troublesome [ˈtrʌblsəm] adj. 麻烦的；讨厌的；使人苦恼的 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl :9603}

deported [diˈpɔ:tid] vt. 驱逐出境；举止；放逐 n. (Deport)人名；(捷)德波特；(法)德波尔 { :10824}

rebellious [rɪˈbeljəs] adj. 反抗的；造反的；难控制的 {toefl gre :11168}

standstill [ˈstændstɪl] n. 停顿；停止 {gre :11241}

detriment [ˈdetrɪmənt] n. 损害；伤害；损害物 {toefl ielts :11396}

Persia ['pә:ʒә] n. 波斯（西南亚国家，现称伊朗） { :13283}

Tripolis [ ] n. 特里波利斯（北非沿海伊斯兰教古国） { :17033}


难点词汇
Babylon ['bæbilәn] n. 巴比伦（古代巴比伦王国Babylonia的首都）；繁华的都市，罪恶之都 { :20665}

sedition [sɪˈdɪʃn] n. 暴动；煽动性的言论或行为；妨害治安 {gre :22328}

cyrus ['saiәrәs] n. 赛勒斯（男子名） { :26465}

darius [dəˈraiəs] n. 大流士（古波斯帝国国王） { :28495}

XERXES [ ] n. 薛西斯；赛瑟斯（波斯王） { :31340}

Aramaic [.ærә'meiik] n. 阿拉姆语 adj. 阿拉姆语的 { :33735}

Judah ['dʒu:dә] n. （圣经中的）犹大；犹大的后裔 { :35807}

samaria [sә'meәriә] [化] 氧化钐 { :37947}

dishonored [ ] n. 拒绝往来户；不光荣撤职 adj. 被侮辱的 vt. 使丢脸；使受耻辱（dishonor的过去分词） { :41542}

Assyria [ә'siriә] n. 亚述 { :45024}


生僻词
artaxerxes [,ɑ:tə'zə:ksi:z] n. 亚达薛西（圣经人物，波斯王）

Ashurbanipal [,ɑ:ʃuə'bɑ:nipɑ:l] n. 亚述巴尼帕（亚述末代国王）

Elamites [ ] (Elamite 的复数) n.埃兰人[语]

Erech [ ] [地名] 埃雷克 ( 伊拉 )

Esarhaddon [,i:sɑ:'hædən] 以萨哈顿(公元前? ～前669)，亚述国王(前681～前669)

Jeshua [ ] n.杰舒亚

Rehum [ ] [网络] 利宏；勒洪

susa ['su:sә] n. 苏萨（突尼斯东北部港市）；苏萨城（古波斯城市）

Tabeel [ ] [网络] 比勒；塔贝耳

Zerubbabel [ ] [网络] 所罗巴伯；则鲁巴贝耳；则鲁巴贝尔


词组
Aramaic language [ ] 阿拉米语

Aramaic script [ ] [网络] 阿拉姆语脚本

came to a standstill [ ] 停住；停滞不前

come to a standstill [ ] [网络] 停摆；停止；停下来不前进

lodge an accusation against [ ] 对…起诉，控告…；提出指控(或指责)，谴责

revolt against [ ] un. 起来造反；打抱不平；反叛；背叛: [网络] 反抗；起义；反感

sacrifice to [ ] 向…祭献; 为…牺牲〔奉献〕…, 舍弃…以得到…

the exile [ ] [网络] 流亡；放逐；流亡者

to a standstill [ ] [网络] 直到停顿；直到精疲力竭

to the detriment of [ ] na. 有损于 [网络] 有害于；对……不利；有损于某人



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