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18 列王纪下第18章



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████    重点词汇
████    难点词汇
████    生僻词
████    词组 & 惯用语

[学习本文需要基础词汇量：9,000 ]
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：4,000 ]

王下18:1
In the third year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, Hezekiah son of Ahaz king of Judah began to reign.
以色列王以拉的儿子何细亚第三年，犹大王亚哈斯的儿子希西家登基。


王下18:2
He was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-nine years. His mother's name was Abijah daughter of Zechariah.
他登基的时候年二十五岁，在耶路撒冷作王二十九年。他母亲名叫亚比，是撒迦利雅的女儿。


王下18:3
He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father David had done.
希西家行耶和华眼中看为正的事，效法他祖大卫一切所行的。


王下18:4
He removed the high places, smashed the sacred stones and cut down the Asherah poles. He broke into pieces the bronze snake Moses had made, for up to that time the Israelites had been burning incense to it. (It was called Nehushtan.)
他废去邱坛，毁坏柱像，砍下木偶，打碎摩西所造的铜蛇，因为到那时以色列人仍向铜蛇烧香。希西家叫铜蛇为铜块（或作“人称铜蛇为铜像”）。


王下18:5
Hezekiah trusted in the LORD, the God of Israel. There was no one like him among all the kings of Judah, either before him or after him.
希西家倚靠耶和华以色列的 神，在他前后的犹大列王中没有一个及他的。


王下18:6
He held fast to the LORD and did not cease to follow him; he kept the commands the LORD had given Moses.
因为他专靠耶和华，总不离开，谨守耶和华所吩咐摩西的诫命。


王下18:7
And the LORD was with him; he was successful in whatever he undertook. He rebelled against the king of Assyria and did not serve him.
耶和华与他同在，他无论往何处去，尽都亨通。他背叛、不肯事奉亚述王。


王下18:8
From watchtower to fortified city, he defeated the Philistines, as far as Gaza and its territory.
希西家攻击非利士人，直到迦萨，并迦萨的四境，从了望楼到坚固城。


王下18:9
In King Hezekiah's fourth year, which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, Shalmaneser king of Assyria marched against Samaria and laid siege to it.
希西家王第四年，就是以色列王以拉的儿子何细亚第七年，亚述王撒缦以色上来围困撒马利亚。


王下18:10
At the end of three years the Assyrians took it. So Samaria was captured in Hezekiah's sixth year, which was the ninth year of Hoshea king of Israel.
过了三年就攻取了城。希西家第六年，以色列王何细亚第九年，撒马利亚被攻取了。


王下18:11
The king of Assyria deported Israel to Assyria and settled them in Halah, in Gozan on the Habor River and in towns of the Medes.
亚述王将以色列人掳到亚述，把他们安置在哈腊与歌散的哈博河边，并玛代人的城邑，


王下18:12
This happened because they had not obeyed the LORD their God, but had violated his covenant -- all that Moses the servant of the LORD commanded. They neither listened to the commands nor carried them out.
都因他们不听从耶和华他们 神的话，违背他的约，就是耶和华仆人摩西吩咐他们所当守的。


王下18:13
In the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah's reign, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked all the fortified cities of Judah and captured them.
希西家王十四年，亚述王西拿基立上来攻击犹大的一切坚固城，将城攻取。


王下18:14
So Hezekiah king of Judah sent this message to the king of Assyria at Lachish: "I have done wrong. Withdraw from me, and I will pay whatever you demand of me." The king of Assyria exacted from Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold.
犹大王希西家差人往拉吉去见亚述王说：“我有罪了！求你离开我，凡你罚我的，我必承当。”于是，亚述王罚犹大王希西家银子三百他连得，金子三十他连得。


王下18:15
So Hezekiah gave him all the silver that was found in the temple of the LORD and in the treasuries of the royal palace.
希西家就把耶和华殿里和王宫府库里所有的银子都给了他。


王下18:16
At this time Hezekiah king of Judah stripped off the gold with which he had covered the doors and doorposts of the temple of the LORD, and gave it to the king of Assyria.
那时，犹大王希西家将耶和华殿门上的金子和他自己包在柱上的金子都刮下来，给了亚述王。


王下18:17
The king of Assyria sent his supreme commander, his chief officer and his field commander with a large army, from Lachish to King Hezekiah at Jerusalem. They came up to Jerusalem and stopped at the aqueduct of the Upper Pool, on the road to the Washerman's Field.
亚述王从拉吉差遣他珥探、拉伯撒利和拉伯沙基率领大军往耶路撒冷，到希西家王那里去。他们上到耶路撒冷，就站在上池的水沟旁，在漂布地的大路上。


王下18:18
They called for the king; and Eliakim son of Hilkiah the palace administrator, Shebna the secretary, and Joah son of Asaph the recorder went out to them.
他们呼叫王的时候，就有希勒家的儿子家宰以利亚敬，并书记舍伯那和亚萨的儿子史官约亚，出来见他们。


王下18:19
The field commander said to them, "Tell Hezekiah: "'This is what the great king, the king of Assyria, says: On what are you basing this confidence of yours?
拉伯沙基说：“你们去告诉希西家说：'亚述大王如此说：你所倚靠的有什么可仗赖的呢？


王下18:20
You say you have strategy and military strength -- but you speak only empty words. On whom are you depending, that you rebel against me?
你说有打仗的计谋和能力，我看不过是虚话！你到底倚靠谁才背叛我呢？


王下18:21
Look now, you are depending on Egypt, that splintered reed of a staff, which pierces a man's hand and wounds him if he leans on it! Such is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who depend on him.
看哪！你所倚靠的埃及，是那压伤的苇杖。人若靠这杖，就必刺透他的手。埃及王法老向一切倚靠他的人也是这样。


王下18:22
And if you say to me, "We are depending on the LORD our God"-- isn't he the one whose high places and altars Hezekiah removed, saying to Judah and Jerusalem, "You must worship before this altar in Jerusalem"?
你们若对我说：我们倚靠耶和华我们的 神。希西家岂不是将 神的邱坛和祭坛废去，且对犹大和耶路撒冷的人说：你们当在耶路撒冷这坛前敬拜吗？


王下18:23
"'Come now, make a bargain with my master, the king of Assyria: I will give you two thousand horses -- if you can put riders on them!
现在你把当头给我主亚述王，我给你二千匹马，看你这一面骑马的人够不够。


王下18:24
How can you repulse one officer of the least of my master's officials, even though you are depending on Egypt for chariots and horsemen?
若不然，怎能打败我主臣仆中最小的军长呢？你竟倚靠埃及的战车马兵吗？


王下18:25
Furthermore, have I come to attack and destroy this place without word from the LORD? The LORD himself told me to march against this country and destroy it.'"
现在我上来攻击毁灭这地，岂没有耶和华的意思吗？耶和华吩咐我说：你上去攻击毁灭这地吧！'”


王下18:26
Then Eliakim son of Hilkiah, and Shebna and Joah said to the field commander, "Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, since we understand it. Don't speak to us in Hebrew in the hearing of the people on the wall."
希勒家的儿子以利亚敬和舍伯那并约亚，对拉伯沙基说：“求你用亚兰言语和仆人说话，因为我们懂得；不要用犹大言语和我们说话，达到城上百姓的耳中。”


王下18:27
But the commander replied, "Was it only to your master and you that my master sent me to say these things, and not to the men sitting on the wall -- who, like you, will have to eat their own filth and drink their own urine?"
拉伯沙基说：“我主差遣我来，岂是单对你和你的主说这些话吗？不也是对这些坐在城上、要与你们一同吃自己粪、喝自己尿的人说吗？”


王下18:28
Then the commander stood and called out in Hebrew: "Hear the word of the great king, the king of Assyria!
于是拉伯沙基站着，用犹大言语大声喊着说：“你们当听亚述大王的话！


王下18:29
This is what the king says: Do not let Hezekiah deceive you. He cannot deliver you from my hand.
王如此说：你们不要被希西家欺哄了，因他不能救你们脱离我的手；


王下18:30
Do not let Hezekiah persuade you to trust in the LORD when he says,'The LORD will surely deliver us; this city will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria.'
也不要听希西家使你们倚靠耶和华，说'耶和华必要拯救我们，这城必不交在亚述王的手中。'


王下18:31
"Do not listen to Hezekiah. This is what the king of Assyria says: Make peace with me and come out to me. Then every one of you will eat from his own vine and fig tree and drink water from his own cistern,
不要听希西家的话。因亚述王如此说：你们要与我和好，出来投降我，各人就可以吃自己葡萄树和无花果树的果子，喝自己井里的水。


王下18:32
until I come and take you to a land like your own, a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards, a land of olive trees and honey. Choose life and not death! "Do not listen to Hezekiah, for he is misleading you when he says,'The LORD will deliver us.'
等我来领你们到一个地方，与你们本地一样，就是有五谷和新酒之地，有粮食和葡萄园之地，有橄榄树和蜂蜜之地，好使你们存活，不至于死。希西家劝导你们，说'耶和华必拯救我们。'你们不要听他的话。


王下18:33
Has the god of any nation ever delivered his land from the hand of the king of Assyria?
列国的神，有哪一个救他本国脱离亚述王的手呢？


王下18:34
Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim, Hena and Ivvah? Have they rescued Samaria from my hand?
哈马、亚珥拔的 神在哪里呢？西法瓦音、希拿、以瓦的 神在哪里呢？他们曾救撒马利亚脱离我的手吗？


王下18:35
Who of all the gods of these countries has been able to save his land from me? How then can the LORD deliver Jerusalem from my hand?"
这些国的神有谁曾救自己的国脱离我的手呢？难道耶和华能救耶路撒冷脱离我的手吗？”


王下18:36
But the people remained silent and said nothing in reply, because the king had commanded, "Do not answer him."
百姓静默不言，并不回答一句。因为王曾吩咐说：“不要回答他。”


王下18:37
Then Eliakim son of Hilkiah the palace administrator, Shebna the secretary and Joah son of Asaph the recorder went to Hezekiah, with their clothes torn, and told him what the field commander had said.
当下，希勒家的儿子家宰以利亚敬和书记舍伯那并亚萨的儿子史官约亚都撕裂衣服，来到希西家那里，将拉伯沙基的话告诉了他。


知识点

重点词汇
bronze [brɒnz] n. 青铜；古铜色；青铜制品 adj. 青铜色的；青铜制的 vt. 镀青铜于 vi. 变成青铜色，被晒黑 n. (Bronze)人名；(葡)布龙泽 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :4024}

seventh [ˈsevnθ] n. 第七；七分之一 adj. 第七的；七分之一的 adv. 居第七位地 {zk gk :4110}

smashed [smæʃt] v. 粉碎（smash的过去式和过去分词） adj. 破碎的；喝醉酒的 { :4350}

worship [ˈwɜ:ʃɪp] n. 崇拜；礼拜；尊敬 vt. 崇拜；尊敬；爱慕 vi. 拜神；做礼拜 {cet4 cet6 ky ielts gre :4576}

covenant [ˈkʌvənənt] n. 契约，盟约；圣约；盖印合同 vt. 立约承诺 vi. 订立盟约、契约 {gre :4657}

misleading [ˌmɪsˈli:dɪŋ] adj. 令人误解的；引入歧途的 v. 给…带错路；把…引入歧途（mislead的ing形式） {toefl :4777}

bargain [ˈbɑ:gən] n. 交易；便宜货；契约 v. 讨价还价；议价；(谈价钱后)卖 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts gre :4926}

obeyed [əuˈbeid] vt. obey的过去式 v. 服从，听从( obey的过去式和过去分词 ); 遵守，遵循 { :4952}

recorder [rɪˈkɔ:də(r)] n. 录音机；记录器；记录员；八孔直笛 {zk gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts :4975}

ninth [naɪnθ] num. 第九 adj. 第九的；九分之一的 n. 九分之一 {zk gk :5059}

altar [ˈɔ:ltə(r)] n. 祭坛；圣坛；圣餐台 n. (Altar)人名；(法、塞、罗)阿尔塔 { :5661}

altars [ˈɔ:ltəz] n. 圣餐桌，供桌，祭坛( altar的名词复数 ) { :5661}

vine [vaɪn] n. 藤；葡萄树；藤本植物；攀缘植物 vi. 长成藤蔓；爬藤 n. (Vine)人名；(葡)维内；(英)瓦因 {cet4 cet6 toefl :5675}

Jerusalem [dʒә'ru:sәlәm] n. 耶路撒冷(以色列首都)；耶路撒冷〔巴勒斯坦古城,犹太教、基督教和伊斯兰教的圣地〕 { :5844}

siege [si:dʒ] n. 围攻；包围；围城；不断袭击；长期努力 vt. 围攻；包围 {cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :6091}

olive [ˈɒlɪv] n. 橄榄；橄榄树；橄榄色 adj. 橄榄的；橄榄色的 n. (Olive)人名；(英)奥利芙(女子教名) {cet6 :6160}

urine [ˈjʊərɪn] n. 尿 { :6546}

pierces ['pɪəsɪz] v. 刺入，刺穿，穿透( pierce的第三人称单数 ); 冲破，突破 { :6839}

deceive [dɪˈsi:v] v. 欺骗；行骗 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :6916}

reed [ri:d] n. [作物] 芦苇；簧片；牧笛；不可依靠的人 vt. 用芦苇盖；用芦苇装饰 n. (Reed)人名；(西、意、瑞典)雷德；(英)里德 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl gre :7220}

fourteenth [ˌfɔ:'ti:nθ] num. 第十四 n. 第十四；月的第十四日；十四分之一 adj. 第十四的；第十四个的 { :7850}

Moses ['mәuziz] n. 摩西（《圣经》故事中犹太人古代领袖）；立法者；领导者 { :8072}

vineyards [ˈvɪnjədz] n. 葡萄园( vineyard的名词复数 ) { :9056}

Hebrew ['hi:bru:] n. 希伯来人，犹太人；希伯来语 adj. 希伯来人的；希伯来语的 { :9342}

horsemen ['hɔ:smən] n. 骑手师 { :10405}

deported [diˈpɔ:tid] vt. 驱逐出境；举止；放逐 n. (Deport)人名；(捷)德波特；(法)德波尔 { :10824}

cistern [ˈsɪstən] n. 水箱；水池；贮水器 {gre :10852}

filth [fɪlθ] n. 污秽；肮脏；猥亵；不洁 {cet6 ielts gre :11928}

incense [ˈɪnsens] n. 香；奉承 vt. 向…焚香；使…发怒 vi. 焚香 {cet6 toefl gre :11969}

chariots [ˈtʃæri:əts] n. 敞篷双轮马车（古代用于战争或竞赛），战车( chariot的名词复数 ) { :12030}

splintered [ˈsplɪntəd] n. 碎片；微小的东西；极瘦的人 vi. 分裂；裂成碎片 vt. 使分裂；使裂成碎片 n. (Splinter)人名；(瑞典)斯普林特 { :12547}

fortified ['fɔ:tɪfaɪd] n. 强化酒（葡萄酒与白兰地或其他烈酒勾兑的混合酒，如Port酒） v. 筑防御工事于…（fortify的过去式） adj. 加强的 { :12751}

gaza ['^ɑ:zә] n. 加沙（地中海岸港市） { :13284}

pharaoh ['færәu] n. 法老；暴君 { :16605}


难点词汇
repulse [rɪˈpʌls] n. 拒绝；击退 vt. 拒绝；驱逐；憎恶 {toefl gre :18145}

israelites ['izriəlaits] n. 以色列人（Israelite的复数形式） { :19884}

philistines [ˈfɪlɪˌsti:nz] n. 市侩，庸人( philistine的名词复数 ); 庸夫俗子 { :20080}

aqueduct [ˈækwɪdʌkt] n. [水利] 渡槽；导水管；沟渠 {gre :20964}

watchtower [ˈwɒtʃtaʊə(r)] n. 瞭望塔，岗楼 { :25527}

Assyrians [ ] (Assyrian 的复数) a. 亚述的, 亚述人的, 亚述语的 n. 亚述人 { :26935}

Aramaic [.ærә'meiik] n. 阿拉姆语 adj. 阿拉姆语的 { :33735}

Judah ['dʒu:dә] n. （圣经中的）犹大；犹大的后裔 { :35807}

doorposts [ ] (doorpost 的复数) n. 门柱 { :37626}

samaria [sә'meәriә] [化] 氧化钐 { :37947}

Medes [ ] (Mede 的复数) n. 米堤亚人 { :43980}

Asaph [ ] [人名] 阿萨夫 { :44083}

Assyria [ә'siriә] n. 亚述 { :45024}


生僻词
abijah [ ] [人名] 阿拜贾

Ahaz [ ] [网络] 亚哈斯；亚哈斯王；阿哈次

arpad [ ] [人名] 阿帕德; [地名] [叙利亚] 阿尔帕德

asherah [ ] [人名] 阿瑟拉（古代西闪米特人崇拜的女神）

elah [ ] [网络] 以拉；以拉谷；以拉族长

Eliakim [ ] n. (Eliakim)人名；(英、以)伊莱基姆

gozan [ ] [网络] 五山；哥仓

Habor [ ] [网络] 哈博；哈博尔；海港

Halah [ ] [网络] 哈腊；哈莱；回民食品哈拉认证

Hamath ['hɑ:mæθ] n. 哈麦斯（等于Hama）

hena [ ] abbr. Home Economics and Needlework Association 家庭经济和刺绣协会

hezekiah [ ] n. 希西家（人名, 也指圣经中提到的希西家王）

Hoshea [ ] n. (Hoshea)人名；(公元前8世纪)何细亚(《圣经》所载的以色列末代国王)

Joah [ ] [网络] 约亚；热；是事实啊

lachish [ ] [网络] 拉吉；拉吉城；拉基士

nehushtan [ ] 铜蛇

Sennacherib [sə'nækərib] n. 西拿基立（亚述王）

Shebna [ ] [网络] 舍伯那；和舍伯那；家宰舍伯那

zechariah [ ] n. 希伯来一先知


词组
a bargain [ ] na. 便宜 [网络] 便宜货；物美价廉；就这么说定了

bargain with [ˈbɑ:ɡin wið] [网络] 与…讨价还价；交易

burn incense [bə:n ˈinsens] [网络] 烧香；焚香；拈香

burning incense [ ] [网络] 香火；烧香；上香

exact from [ ] 向(某人)征收〔索取〕…; 迫使(某人)处于某种状态

laid siege [ ] [网络] 围困

laid siege to [ ] vbl.包围,企图赢得

lay siege [ ] [网络] 围困

lay siege to [lei si:dʒ tu:] na. 包围 [网络] 围攻；努力追求

make a bargain [meik ə ˈbɑ:ɡin] un. 信守自己的承诺；讲条件 [网络] 达成协议；做成交易；达成一致

make a bargain with [ ] 和……讨价还价 与......达成协议

olive tree [ˈɔliv tri:] na. 橄榄树 [网络] 播放橄榄树；油橄榄树；齐墩果

olive trees [ ] [网络] 橄榄树盆栽；橄榄树下

rebel against [ ] [网络] 叛逆；反抗；叛乱

reign in [ ] [网络] 统治

sixth year [ ] [网络] 第六年

the sacred [ ] [网络] 神圣；神圣的；神圣者

the temple [ ] [网络] 圣殿；寺庙；神殿

the Treasury [ ] [网络] 财政部；宝库；库务署


惯用语
the king of assyria



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