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15 申命记第15章



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████    重点词汇
████    难点词汇
████    生僻词
████    词组 & 惯用语

[学习本文需要基础词汇量：7,000 ]
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：4,000 ]

申15:1
At the end of every seven years you must cancel debts.
每逢七年末一年，你要施行豁免。


申15:2
This is how it is to be done: Every creditor shall cancel the loan he has made to his fellow Israelite. He shall not require payment from his fellow Israelite or brother, because the LORD'S time for canceling debts has been proclaimed.
豁免的定例乃是这样：凡债主要把所借给邻舍的豁免了，不可向邻舍和弟兄追讨，因为耶和华的豁免年已经宣告了。


申15:3
You may require payment from a foreigner, but you must cancel any debt your brother owes you.
若借给外邦人，你可以向他追讨；但借给你弟兄，无论是什么，你要松手豁免了。


申15:4
However, there should be no poor among you, for in the land the LORD your God is giving you to possess as your inheritance, he will richly bless you,
你若留意听从耶和华你 神的话，谨守遵行我今日所吩咐你这一切的命令，就必在你们中间没有穷人了


申15:5
if only you fully obey the LORD your God and are careful to follow all these commands I am giving you today.
（在耶和华你 神所赐你为业的地上，耶和华必大大赐福与你）。


申15:6
For the LORD your God will bless you as he has promised, and you will lend to many nations but will borrow from none. You will rule over many nations but none will rule over you.
因为耶和华你的 神，必照他所应许你的赐福与你。你必借给许多国民，却不至向他们借贷；你必管辖许多国民，他们却不能管辖你。


申15:7
If there is a poor man among your brothers in any of the towns of the land that the LORD your God is giving you, do not be hardhearted or tightfisted toward your poor brother.
在耶和华你 神所赐你的地上，无论哪一座城里，你弟兄中若有一个穷人，你不可忍着心、揝着手，不帮补你穷乏的弟兄；


申15:8
Rather be openhanded and freely lend him whatever he needs.
总要向他松开手，照他所缺乏的借给他，补他的不足。


申15:9
Be careful not to harbor this wicked thought: "The seventh year, the year for canceling debts, is near," so that you do not show ill will toward your needy brother and give him nothing. He may then appeal to the LORD against you, and you will be found guilty of sin.
你要谨慎，不可心里起恶念说：'第七年的豁免年快到了'，你便恶眼看你穷乏的弟兄，什么都不给他，以致他因你求告耶和华，罪便归于你了。


申15:10
Give generously to him and do so without a grudging heart; then because of this the LORD your God will bless you in all your work and in everything you put your hand to.
你总要给他，给他的时候，心里不可愁烦，因耶和华你的 神必在你这一切所行的，并你手里所办的事上，赐福与你。


申15:11
There will always be poor people in the land. Therefore I command you to be openhanded toward your brothers and toward the poor and needy in your land.
原来那地上的穷人永不断绝，所以我吩咐你说：'总要向你地上困苦穷乏的弟兄松开手。'


申15:12
If a fellow Hebrew, a man or a woman, sells himself to you and serves you six years, in the seventh year you must let him go free.
你弟兄中，若有一个希伯来男人，或希伯来女人被卖给你，服事你六年，到第七年就要任他自由出去。


申15:13
And when you release him, do not send him away empty-handed.
你任他自由的时候，不可使他空手而去。


申15:14
Supply him liberally from your flock, your threshing floor and your winepress. Give to him as the LORD your God has blessed you.
要从你羊群、禾场、酒榨之中，多多地给他，耶和华你的 神怎样赐福与你，你也要照样给他。


申15:15
Remember that you were slaves in Egypt and the LORD your God redeemed you. That is why I give you this command today.
要记念你在埃及地作过奴仆，耶和华你的 神将你救赎。因此，我今日吩咐你这件事。


申15:16
But if your servant says to you, "I do not want to leave you," because he loves you and your family and is well off with you,
他若对你说：'我不愿意离开你'，是因他爱你和你的家，且因在你那里很好，


申15:17
then take an awl and push it through his ear lobe into the door, and he will become your servant for life. Do the same for your maidservant.
你就要拿锥子将他的耳朵在门上刺透，他便永为你的奴仆了。你待婢女也要这样。


申15:18
Do not consider it a hardship to set your servant free, because his service to you these six years has been worth twice as much as that of a hired hand. And the LORD your God will bless you in everything you do.
你任她自由的时候，不可以为难事，因她服事你六年，较比雇工的工价多加一倍了。耶和华你的 神，就必在你所做的一切事上赐福与你。


申15:19
Set apart for the LORD your God every firstborn male of your herds and flocks. Do not put the firstborn of your oxen to work, and do not shear the firstborn of your sheep.
你牛群羊群中头生的，凡是公的都要分别为圣，归耶和华你的 神。牛群中头生的不可用它耕地；羊群中头生的不可剪毛。


申15:20
Each year you and your family are to eat them in the presence of the LORD your God at the place he will choose.
这头生的，你和你的家属，每年要在耶和华所选择的地方，在耶和华你 神面前吃。


申15:21
If an animal has a defect, is lame or blind, or has any serious flaw, you must not sacrifice it to the LORD your God.
这头生的若有什么残疾，就如瘸腿的、瞎眼的，无论有什么恶残疾，都不可献给耶和华你的 神。


申15:22
You are to eat it in your own towns. Both the ceremonially unclean and the clean may eat it, as if it were gazelle or deer.
可以在你城里吃，洁净人与不洁净人都可以吃，就如吃羚羊与鹿一般。


申15:23
But you must not eat the blood; pour it out on the ground like water.
只是不可吃它的血，要倒在地上，如同倒水一样。


知识点

重点词汇
sacrifice [ˈsækrɪfaɪs] n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉 vt. 牺牲；献祭；亏本出售 vi. 献祭；奉献 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts gre :4068}

freely [ˈfri:li] adv. 自由地；免费地；大量地；慷慨地；直率地 {cet4 cet6 :4080}

seventh [ˈsevnθ] n. 第七；七分之一 adj. 第七的；七分之一的 adv. 居第七位地 {zk gk :4110}

bless [bles] vt. 祝福；保佑；赞美 n. (Bless)人名；(英、意、德、匈)布莱斯 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts :4161}

blessed ['blesɪd] v. 祝福（bless的过去分词） adj. 幸福的；受祝福的；神圣的 { :4161}

defect [ˈdi:fekt] n. 缺点，缺陷；不足之处 vi. 变节；叛变 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :4403}

proclaimed [prəˈkleimd] 公告 { :4454}

inheritance [ɪnˈherɪtəns] n. 继承；遗传；遗产 {toefl :4765}

foreigner [ˈfɒrənə(r)] n. 外地人，外国人 {zk gk cet4 cet6 ky :4887}

obey [əˈbeɪ] vt. 服从，听从；按照……行动 vi. 服从，顺从；听话 n. (Obey)人名；(英、法)奥贝 {gk cet4 cet6 ky :4952}

herds [hə:dz] n. 畜群；大量（herd的复数）；人群 v. 聚在一起；结交（herd的三单形式） { :5174}

wicked [ˈwɪkɪd] adj. 邪恶的；恶劣的；不道德的；顽皮的 {cet4 cet6 ky ielts gre :5319}

flock [flɒk] n. 群；棉束（等于floc） vi. 聚集；成群而行 vt. 用棉束填满 n. (Flock)人名；(德、瑞典)弗洛克 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :5337}

flocks [f'lɒks] n. 短纤维，废毛铁；絮凝物，絮状沉淀 { :5337}

flaw [flɔ:] n. 瑕疵，缺点；一阵狂风；短暂的风暴；裂缝，裂纹 v. 使生裂缝，使有裂纹；使无效；使有缺陷 vi. 生裂缝；变的有缺陷 {cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :5399}

harbor ['hɑ:bə] n. 海港；避难所 n. (Harbor)人名；(英)哈伯 vt. 庇护；怀有 vi. 居住，生存；入港停泊；躲藏 {cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :5726}

hardship [ˈhɑ:dʃɪp] n. 困苦；苦难；艰难险阻 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl :6378}

redeemed [rɪ'di:md] n. 债券收徊溢价 v. 救赎；赎回；弥补（redeem的过去式） { :8505}

generously ['dʒenərəslɪ] adv. 慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地 { :8545}

needy [ˈni:di] adj. 贫困的；贫穷的；生活艰苦的 n. (Needy)人名；(英)尼迪 {toefl gre :8796}

Hebrew ['hi:bru:] n. 希伯来人，犹太人；希伯来语 adj. 希伯来人的；希伯来语的 { :9342}

shear [ʃɪə(r)] n. [力] 切变；修剪；大剪刀 vi. 剪；剪切；修剪 vt. 剪；修剪；剥夺 n. (Shear)人名；(英)希尔 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :9594}

richly [ˈrɪtʃli] adv. 丰富地；富裕地；完全地 { :9668}

lame [leɪm] adj. 跛足的；僵痛的；不完全的；无说服力的；差劲的，蹩脚的 vi. 变跛 vt. 使跛；使成残废 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts :9982}

lobe [ləʊb] n. （脑、肺等的）叶；裂片；耳垂；波瓣 n. (Lobe)人名；(西)洛韦；(德、喀)洛贝 {gre :11517}

oxen [ˈɒksn] n. 牛（ox的复数） {toefl :11804}


难点词汇
grudging [ˈgrʌdʒɪŋ] adj. 勉强的；吝啬的 { :14032}

liberally ['lɪbərəlɪ] adv. 大方地；自由地；公平地；充足地 {toefl :14214}

firstborn [ˈfɜ:stbɔ:n] n. 长子；初生儿；长女 adj. 头生的；第一胎生的 { :18885}

israelite ['izriәlait] n. 以色列人；犹太人 adj. 以色列人的；犹太人的 { :19884}

unclean [ˌʌnˈkli:n] adj. 不纯洁的；行为不检的 { :20260}

gazelle [gəˈzel] n. 瞪羚；小羚羊 n. (Gazelle)人名；(西)加塞列 vi. 似瞪羚般跳跃 { :22494}

threshing [θreʃɪŋ] n. [农] 脱粒；打谷 vt. 打谷；推敲（thresh的ing形式） { :25193}

awl [ɔ:l] n. 锥子；尖钻 {gre :30527}

ceremonially [ˌserɪ'məʊnɪəlɪ] adv. 礼仪上地，仪式上地 { :33533}

maidservant [ˈmeɪdsɜ:vənt] n. 女佣，女仆 { :33762}


生僻词
canceling [ ] n. [计] 取消；消除 v. [计] 取消；废除（cancel的ing形式）

hardhearted ['hɑrd'hɑrtɪd] adj. 无情的，冷酷的; 忍心; 心硬

openhanded ['əʊpənhændɪd] adj. 大方的，豪爽的; 手松

tightfisted ['taɪt'fɪstɪd] adj. 吝啬的 {gre :0}

winepress ['waɪnpres] n. 葡萄榨汁器，葡萄榨汁机


词组
bless you [ ] [网络] 祝福你；保佑你；保重

Bless you ! [ ] (表示惊讶、高兴、沮丧、愤怒等)哎呀!好家伙!我的天哪!

Bless you! [ ] 上帝保佑你(或你们)!；长命百岁!(西方风俗：在别人或自己打喷嚏时说)

borrow from [ ] na. 由…处借(钱) [网络] 向…借；从……借；借用

cancel debt [ ] 销账

cancel debts [ ] 废除债务,取消债务

ear lobe [iə ləʊb] n. 耳垂

lend ... to [ ] un. 贡献: [网络] 把…借给；把钱贷给；借给谁

lend to [ ] un. 贡献: [网络] 把…借给；把钱贷给；借给谁

threshing floor [ ] na. 打谷场 [网络] 禾场；打谷或压辗出谷粒的场地；开阔的打谷场



单词释义末尾数字为词频顺序
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