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13 利未记第13章



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████    重点词汇
████    难点词汇
████    词组 & 惯用语

[学习本文需要基础词汇量：6,000 ]
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：4,000 ]

利13:1
The LORD said to Moses and Aaron,
耶和华晓谕摩西、亚伦说：


利13:2
"When anyone has a swelling or a rash or a bright spot on his skin that may become an infectious skin disease, he must be brought to Aaron the priest or to one of his sons who is a priest.
“人的肉皮上若长了疖子，或长了癣，或长了火斑，在他肉皮上成了大麻疯的灾病，就要将他带到祭司亚伦或亚伦作祭司的一个子孙面前。


利13:3
The priest is to examine the sore on his skin, and if the hair in the sore has turned white and the sore appears to be more than skin deep, it is an infectious skin disease. When the priest examines him, he shall pronounce him ceremonially unclean.
祭司要察看肉皮上的灾病：若灾病处的毛已经变白，灾病的现象深于肉上的皮，这便是大麻疯的灾病。祭司要察看他，定他为不洁净。


利13:4
If the spot on his skin is white but does not appear to be more than skin deep and the hair in it has not turned white, the priest is to put the infected person in isolation for seven days.
若火斑在他肉皮上是白的，现象不深于皮，其上的毛也没有变白，祭司就要将有灾病的人关锁七天。


利13:5
On the seventh day the priest is to examine him, and if he sees that the sore is unchanged and has not spread in the skin, he is to keep him in isolation another seven days.
第七天，祭司要察看他，若看灾病止住了，没有在皮上发散，祭司还要将他关锁七天。


利13:6
On the seventh day the priest is to examine him again, and if the sore has faded and has not spread in the skin, the priest shall pronounce him clean; it is only a rash. The man must wash his clothes, and he will be clean.
第七天，祭司要再察看他，若灾病发暗，而且没有在皮上发散，祭司要定他为洁净，原来是癣。那人就要洗衣服，得为洁净。


利13:7
But if the rash does spread in his skin after he has shown himself to the priest to be pronounced clean, he must appear before the priest again.
但他为得洁净，将身体给祭司察看以后，癣若在皮上发散开了，他要再将身体给祭司察看。


利13:8
The priest is to examine him, and if the rash has spread in the skin, he shall pronounce him unclean; it is an infectious disease.
祭司要察看，癣若在皮上发散，就要定他为不洁净，是大麻疯。


利13:9
"When anyone has an infectious skin disease, he must be brought to the priest.
人有了大麻疯的灾病，就要将他带到祭司面前。


利13:10
The priest is to examine him, and if there is a white swelling in the skin that has turned the hair white and if there is raw flesh in the swelling,
祭司要察看，皮上若长了白疖，使毛变白，在长白疖之处有了红瘀肉，


利13:11
it is a chronic skin disease and the priest shall pronounce him unclean. He is not to put him in isolation, because he is already unclean.
这是肉皮上的旧大麻疯。祭司要定他为不洁净，不用将他关锁，因为他是不洁净了。


利13:12
"If the disease breaks out all over his skin and, so far as the priest can see, it covers all the skin of the infected person from head to foot,
大麻疯若在皮上四外发散，长满了患灾病人的皮，据祭司察看，从头到脚无处不有，


利13:13
the priest is to examine him, and if the disease has covered his whole body, he shall pronounce that person clean. Since it has all turned white, he is clean.
祭司就要察看，全身的肉若长满了大麻疯，就要定那患灾病的为洁净，全身都变为白，他乃洁净了。


利13:14
But whenever raw flesh appears on him, he will be unclean.
但红肉几时显在他的身上，就几时不洁净。


利13:15
When the priest sees the raw flesh, he shall pronounce him unclean. The raw flesh is unclean; he has an infectious disease.
祭司一看那红肉，就定他为不洁净，红肉本是不洁净，是大麻疯。


利13:16
Should the raw flesh change and turn white, he must go to the priest.
红肉若复原，又变白了，他就要来见祭司。


利13:17
The priest is to examine him, and if the sores have turned white, the priest shall pronounce the infected person clean; then he will be clean.
祭司要察看，灾病处若变白了，祭司就要定那患灾病的为洁净，他乃洁净了。


利13:18
"When someone has a boil on his skin and it heals,
人若在皮肉上长疮，却治好了，


利13:19
and in the place where the boil was, a white swelling or reddish-white spot appears, he must present himself to the priest.
在长疮之处又起了白疖，或是白中带红的火斑，就要给祭司察看。


利13:20
The priest is to examine it, and if it appears to be more than skin deep and the hair in it has turned white, the priest shall pronounce him unclean. It is an infectious skin disease that has broken out where the boil was.
祭司要察看，若现象洼于皮，其上的毛也变白了，就要定他为不洁净，是大麻疯的灾病发在疮中。


利13:21
But if, when the priest examines it, there is no white hair in it and it is not more than skin deep and has faded, then the priest is to put him in isolation for seven days.
祭司若察看，其上没有白毛，也没有洼于皮，乃是发暗，就要将他关锁七天；


利13:22
If it is spreading in the skin, the priest shall pronounce him unclean; it is infectious.
若在皮上发散开了，祭司就要定他为不洁净，是灾病。


利13:23
But if the spot is unchanged and has not spread, it is only a scar from the boil, and the priest shall pronounce him clean.
火斑若在原处止住，没有发散，便是疮的痕迹，祭司就要定他为洁净。


利13:24
"When someone has a burn on his skin and a reddish-white or white spot appears in the raw flesh of the burn,
人的皮肉上若起了火毒，火毒的瘀肉成了火斑，或是白中带红的，或是全白的，


利13:25
the priest is to examine the spot, and if the hair in it has turned white, and it appears to be more than skin deep, it is an infectious disease that has broken out in the burn. The priest shall pronounce him unclean; it is an infectious skin disease.
祭司就要察看，火斑中的毛若变白了，现象又深于皮，是大麻疯在火毒中发出，就要定他为不洁净，是大麻疯的灾病。


利13:26
But if the priest examines it and there is no white hair in the spot and if it is not more than skin deep and has faded, then the priest is to put him in isolation for seven days.
但是祭司察看，在火斑中若没有白毛，也没有洼于皮，乃是发暗，就要将他关锁七天。


利13:27
On the seventh day the priest is to examine him, and if it is spreading in the skin, the priest shall pronounce him unclean; it is an infectious skin disease.
到第七天，祭司要察看他，火斑若在皮上发散开了，就要定他为不洁净，是大麻疯的灾病。


利13:28
If, however, the spot is unchanged and has not spread in the skin but has faded, it is a swelling from the burn, and the priest shall pronounce him clean; it is only a scar from the burn.
火斑若在原处止住，没有在皮上发散，乃是发暗，是起的火毒，祭司要定他为洁净，不过是火毒的痕迹。


利13:29
"If a man or woman has a sore on the head or on the chin,
无论男女，若在头上有灾病，或是男人胡须上有灾病，


利13:30
the priest is to examine the sore, and if it appears to be more than skin deep and the hair in it is yellow and thin, the priest shall pronounce that person unclean; it is an itch, an infectious disease of the head or chin.
祭司就要察看。这灾病现象若深于皮，其间有细黄毛，就要定他为不洁净。这是头疥，是头上或是胡须上的大麻疯。


利13:31
But if, when the priest examines this kind of sore, it does not seem to be more than skin deep and there is no black hair in it, then the priest is to put the infected person in isolation for seven days.
祭司若察看头疥的灾病，现象不深于皮，其间也没有黑毛，就要将长头疥灾病的关锁七天。


利13:32
On the seventh day the priest is to examine the sore, and if the itch has not spread and there is no yellow hair in it and it does not appear to be more than skin deep,
第七天祭司要察看灾病，若头疥没有发散，其间也没有黄毛，头疥的现象不深于皮，


利13:33
he must be shaved except for the diseased area, and the priest is to keep him in isolation another seven days.
那人就要剃去须发，但他不可剃头疥之处。祭司要将那长头疥的再关锁七天。


利13:34
On the seventh day the priest is to examine the itch, and if it has not spread in the skin and appears to be no more than skin deep, the priest shall pronounce him clean. He must wash his clothes, and he will be clean.
第七天，祭司要察看头疥，头疥若没有在皮上发散，现象也不深于皮，就要定他为洁净，他要洗衣服，便成为洁净。


利13:35
But if the itch does spread in the skin after he is pronounced clean,
但他得洁净以后，头疥若在皮上发散开了，


利13:36
the priest is to examine him, and if the itch has spread in the skin, the priest does not need to look for yellow hair; the person is unclean.
祭司就要察看他。头疥若在皮上发散，就不必找那黄毛，他是不洁净了。


利13:37
If, however, in his judgment it is unchanged and black hair has grown in it, the itch is healed. He is clean, and the priest shall pronounce him clean.
祭司若看头疥已经止住，其间也长了黑毛，头疥已然痊愈，那人是洁净了，就要定他为洁净。


利13:38
"When a man or woman has white spots on the skin,
无论男女，皮肉上若起了火斑，就是白火斑，


利13:39
the priest is to examine them, and if the spots are dull white, it is a harmless rash that has broken out on the skin; that person is clean.
祭司就要察看。他们肉皮上的火斑若白中带黑，这是皮上发出的白癣，那人是洁净了。


利13:40
"When a man has lost his hair and is bald, he is clean.
人头上的发若掉了，他不过是头秃，还是洁净。


利13:41
If he has lost his hair from the front of his scalp and has a bald forehead, he is clean.
他顶前若掉了头发，他不过是顶门秃，还是洁净。


利13:42
But if he has a reddish-white sore on his bald head or forehead, it is an infectious disease breaking out on his head or forehead.
头秃处或是顶门秃处，若有白中带红的灾病，这就是大麻疯，发在他头秃处或是顶门秃处，


利13:43
The priest is to examine him, and if the swollen sore on his head or forehead is reddish-white like an infectious skin disease,
祭司就要察看。他起的那灾病若在头秃处或是顶门秃处有白中带红的，像肉皮上大麻疯的现象，


利13:44
the man is diseased and is unclean. The priest shall pronounce him unclean because of the sore on his head.
那人就是长大麻疯不洁净的，祭司总要定他为不洁净，他的灾病是在头上。


利13:45
"The person with such an infectious disease must wear torn clothes, let his hair be unkempt, cover the lower part of his face and cry out,'Unclean! Unclean!'
身上有长大麻疯灾病的，他的衣服要撕裂，也要蓬头散发，蒙着上唇，喊叫说：'不洁净了！不洁净了！'


利13:46
As long as he has the infection he remains unclean. He must live alone; he must live outside the camp.
灾病在他身上的日子，他便是不洁净。他既是不洁净，就要独居营外。


利13:47
"If any clothing is contaminated with mildew -- any woolen or linen clothing,
染了大麻疯灾病的衣服，无论是羊毛衣服、是麻布衣服，


利13:48
any woven or knitted material of linen or wool, any leather or anything made of leather --
无论是在经上、在纬上，是麻布的、是羊毛的，是在皮子上或在皮子作的什么物件上；


利13:49
and if the contamination in the clothing, or leather, or woven or knitted material, or any leather article, is greenish or reddish, it is a spreading mildew and must be shown to the priest.
或在衣服上、皮子上，经上、纬上，或在皮子作的什么物件上，这灾病若是发绿，或是发红，是大麻疯的灾病，要给祭司察看。


利13:50
The priest is to examine the mildew and isolate the affected article for seven days.
祭司就要察看那灾病，把染了灾病的物件关锁七天。


利13:51
On the seventh day he is to examine it, and if the mildew has spread in the clothing, or the woven or knitted material, or the leather, whatever its use, it is a destructive mildew; the article is unclean.
第七天，他要察看那灾病，灾病或在衣服上，经上、纬上，皮子上，若发散，这皮子无论当作何用，这灾病是蚕食的大麻疯，都是不洁净了。


利13:52
He must burn up the clothing, or the woven or knitted material of wool or linen, or any leather article that has the contamination in it, because the mildew is destructive; the article must be burned up.
那染了灾病的衣服，或是经上、纬上，羊毛上、麻衣上，或是皮子作的什么物件上，他都要焚烧，因为这是蚕食的大麻疯，必在火中焚烧。


利13:53
"But if, when the priest examines it, the mildew has not spread in the clothing, or the woven or knitted material, or the leather article,
祭司要察看，若灾病在衣服上，经上、纬上或是皮子作的什么物件上，没有发散，


利13:54
he shall order that the contaminated article be washed. Then he is to isolate it for another seven days.
祭司就要吩咐他们，把染了灾病的物件洗了，再关锁七天。


利13:55
After the affected article has been washed, the priest is to examine it, and if the mildew has not changed its appearance, even though it has not spread, it is unclean. Burn it with fire, whether the mildew has affected one side or the other.
洗过以后，祭司要察看，那物件若没有变色，灾病也没有消散，那物件就不洁净，是透重的灾病，无论正面反面，都要在火中焚烧。


利13:56
If, when the priest examines it, the mildew has faded after the article has been washed, he is to tear the contaminated part out of the clothing, or the leather, or the woven or knitted material.
洗过以后，祭司要察看，若见那灾病发暗，他就要把那灾病从衣服上、皮子上，经上、纬上都撕去。


利13:57
But if it reappears in the clothing, or in the woven or knitted material, or in the leather article, it is spreading, and whatever has the mildew must be burned with fire.
若仍现在衣服上，或是经上、纬上，皮子作的什么物件上，这就是灾病又发了，必用火焚烧那染灾病的物件。


利13:58
The clothing, or the woven or knitted material, or any leather article that has been washed and is rid of the mildew, must be washed again, and it will be clean."
所洗的衣服，或是经，或是纬，或是皮子作的什么物件，若灾病离开了，要再洗，就洁净了。”


利13:59
These are the regulations concerning contamination by mildew in woolen or linen clothing, woven or knitted material, or any leather article, for pronouncing them clean or unclean.
这就是大麻疯灾病的条例。无论是在羊毛衣服上、麻布衣服上，经上、纬上和皮子作的什么物件上，可以定为洁净或是不洁净。


知识点

重点词汇
seventh [ˈsevnθ] n. 第七；七分之一 adj. 第七的；七分之一的 adv. 居第七位地 {zk gk :4110}

boil [bɔɪl] n. 沸腾，煮沸；疖子 vt. 煮沸，烧开；使…激动；使…蒸发 vi. 煮沸，沸腾；激动，激昂 n. (Boil)人名；(俄)博伊尔 {gk cet4 ky toefl ielts :4258}

heals [hi:lz] 霍尼韦尔错误分析与记录系统（Honeywell Error Analysis and Logging System） { :4371}

healed [hi:ld] 恢复 { :4371}

swelling [ˈswelɪŋ] n. 肿胀；膨胀；增大；涨水 v. 肿胀；膨胀；增多；趾高气扬（swell的ing形式） adj. 膨胀的；肿大的；突起的 {toefl :4867}

swollen [ˈswəʊlən] adj. 肿胀的，浮肿的；浮夸的；激动兴奋的 { :4867}

woven [ˈwəʊvn] n. 机织织物 v. 编织；交织（weave的过去分词）；编造 adj. 织物的 { :4893}

pronouncing [prə'naʊnsɪŋ] adj. 发音的，表示发音的 v. 发音，读( pronounce的现在分词 ); 宣布，宣称; 宣判 { :4948}

pronounce [prəˈnaʊns] vt. 发音；宣判；断言 vi. 发音；作出判断 {zk gk cet4 cet6 ky :4948}

pronounced [prəˈnaʊnst] v. 发音；宣告；断言（pronounce的过去分词） adj. 显著的；断然的；讲出来的 {toefl gre :4948}

scar [skɑ:(r)] n. 创伤；伤痕 vt. 伤害；给留下伤痕 vi. 结疤；痊愈 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :5026}

infected [ɪnˈfektɪd] v. 传染（infect的过去分词） adj. 被感染的 { :5200}

unchanged [ʌnˈtʃeɪndʒd] adj. 未改变的 { :5360}

linen [ˈlɪnɪn] n. 亚麻布，亚麻线；亚麻制品 adj. 亚麻的；亚麻布制的 n. (Linen)人名；(英)利嫩 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :5681}

shaved [ʃeivd] 剃 汽车擦边通过 { :5779}

destructive [dɪˈstrʌktɪv] adj. 破坏的；毁灭性的；有害的，消极的 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :5818}

bald [bɔ:ld] adj. 秃顶的；光秃的；单调的；无装饰的 vi. 变秃 n. (Bald)人名；(英)鲍尔德；(德、法、波)巴尔德 {cet6 ky toefl ielts :6185}

sores [sɒ] n. 疡；褥疮；痍（sore的复数） { :6349}

sore [sɔ:(r)] n. 溃疡，痛处；恨事，伤心事 adj. 疼痛的，痛心的；剧烈的，极度的；恼火的，发怒的；厉害的，迫切的 n. (Sore)人名；(法)索尔；(意)索雷 {cet4 cet6 ky ielts :6349}

contamination [kənˌtæmɪ'neɪʃən] n. 污染，玷污；污染物 {cet6 toefl :6525}

harmless [ˈhɑ:mləs] adj. 无害的；无恶意的 {gk toefl :6985}

infectious [ɪnˈfekʃəs] adj. 传染的；传染性的；易传染的 {cet6 ky toefl ielts :7091}

contaminated [kən'tæmɪneɪtɪd] v. 污染（contaminate的过去式） adj. 受污染的；弄脏的 { :7402}

reappears [ri:ə'pɪəz] vi. 再现，重现 v. 再（出）现( reappear的第三人称单数 ) { :7580}

Moses ['mәuziz] n. 摩西（《圣经》故事中犹太人古代领袖）；立法者；领导者 { :8072}

scalp [skælp] n. 头皮；战利品 vt. 剥头皮 vi. 剥头皮 { :8655}

rash [ræʃ] n. [皮肤] 皮疹；突然大量出现的事物 adj. 轻率的；鲁莽的；不顾后果的 n. (Rash)人名；(英、以、阿拉伯)拉什 {cet6 ky :8937}


难点词汇
itch [ɪtʃ] n. 痒；渴望；疥疮 vi. 发痒；渴望 vt. 使发痒；使恼怒 { :11994}

reddish [ˈredɪʃ] adj. 微红的；略带红色的 n. (Reddish)人名；(英)雷迪什 {toefl :12362}

aaron ['eәrәn] n. 亚伦（男子名）；亚伦（摩西之兄，犹太教的第一祭司长） { :12804}

diseased [dɪˈzi:zd] adj. 不健全的；患病的；病态的 v. 使生病；传染（disease的过去分词） { :13972}

greenish [ˈgri:nɪʃ] adj. 呈绿色的 { :16399}

woolen ['wʊlɪn] n. 毛织品 adj. 羊毛的；羊毛制的 {toefl :16629}

mildew [ˈmɪldju:] n. 霉；霉病 vt. 使发霉 vi. 发霉；生霉 {ielts :17773}

unkempt [ˌʌnˈkempt] adj. 蓬乱的，不整洁的；（言语等）粗野的 {gre :18675}

unclean [ˌʌnˈkli:n] adj. 不纯洁的；行为不检的 { :20260}

ceremonially [ˌserɪ'məʊnɪəlɪ] adv. 礼仪上地，仪式上地 { :33533}


复习词汇
priest [pri:st] n. 牧师；神父；教士 vt. 使成为神职人员；任命…为祭司 n. (Priest)人名；(英、德)普里斯特 {cet4 cet6 ky :2293}


词组
a boil [ ] [网络] 长了一个疖子

a rash [ ] [网络] 皮疹；疹子；出疹

bald head [ ] n. 秃头 [网络] 秃顶；光头；秃顶的头

in isolation [in ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən] [网络] 孤立地；在封闭的状态下；孤独情境

infectious disease [ ] n. 【医】传染病科 [网络] 感染性疾病；传染性疾病；传染病学

Infectious Skin Disease [ ] 《英文msh词典》Infectious Skin Disease [入口词] Infectious Skin Disease [主题词] Skin Diseases,Infectious [英文释义] Skin diseases caused by bacteria,fungi,parasites,or viruses.

seventh day [ ] adj. 以星期六为安息日的 [网络] 第七天；初七；七夕Double

swell from [ ] vt.自...隆起

swell in [ ] vt.在...中膨胀,在胸中升起

the itch [ ] [网络] 痒痒舞；这里痒；坐立难安

to isolate [ ] [网络] 隔离；隔绝；绝缘


惯用语
and the priest shall pronounce him clean
but if
he is clean
it is an infectious skin disease
or the woven or knitted material
the priest is to examine him
the priest shall pronounce him unclean
when the priest examines it



单词释义末尾数字为词频顺序
 zk/中考 gk/中考 ky/考研 cet4/四级 cet6/六级 ielts/雅思 toefl/托福 gre/GRE
* 词汇量测试建议用 testyourvocab.com