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12 出埃及记第12章



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████    重点词汇
████    难点词汇
████    生僻词
████    词组 & 惯用语

[学习本文需要基础词汇量：7,000 ]
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：4,000 ]

出12:1
The LORD said to Moses and Aaron in Egypt,
耶和华在埃及地晓谕摩西、亚伦说：


出12:2
"This month is to be for you the first month, the first month of your year.
“你们要以本月为正月，为一年之首。


出12:3
Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb for his family, one for each household.
你们吩咐以色列全会众说，本月初十日，各人要按着父家取羊羔，一家一只。


出12:4
If any household is too small for a whole lamb, they must share one with their nearest neighbor, having taken into account the number of people there are. You are to determine the amount of lamb needed in accordance with what each person will eat.
若是一家的人太少，吃不了一只羊羔，本人就要和他隔壁的邻舍共取一只。你们预备羊羔，要按着人数和饭量计算。


出12:5
The animals you choose must be year-old males without defect, and you may take them from the sheep or the goats.
要无残疾、一岁的公羊羔，你们或从绵羊里取，或从山羊里取，都可以。


出12:6
Take care of them until the fourteenth day of the month, when all the people of the community of Israel must slaughter them at twilight.
要留到本月十四日，在黄昏的时候，以色列全会众把羊羔宰了。


出12:7
Then they are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs.
各家要取点血，涂在吃羊羔的房屋左右的门框上和门楣上。


出12:8
That same night they are to eat the meat roasted over the fire, along with bitter herbs, and bread made without yeast.
当夜要吃羊羔的肉，用火烤了，与无酵饼和苦菜同吃。


出12:9
Do not eat the meat raw or cooked in water, but roast it over the fire -- head, legs and inner parts.
不可吃生的，断不可吃水煮的，要带着头、腿、五脏，用火烤了吃。


出12:10
Do not leave any of it till morning; if some is left till morning, you must burn it.
不可剩下一点留到早晨，若留到早晨，要用火烧了。


出12:11
This is how you are to eat it: with your cloak tucked into your belt, your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. Eat it in haste; it is the LORD'S Passover.
你们吃羊羔当腰间束带，脚上穿鞋，手中拿杖，赶紧地吃，这是耶和华的逾越节。


出12:12
"On that same night I will pass through Egypt and strike down every firstborn -- both men and animals -- and I will bring judgment on all the gods of Egypt. I am the LORD.
因为那夜我要巡行埃及地，把埃及地一切头生的，无论是人是牲畜，都击杀了，又要败坏埃及一切的神。我是耶和华。


出12:13
The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are; and when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No destructive plague will touch you when I strike Egypt.
这血要在你们所住的房屋上作记号，我一见这血，就越过你们去，我击杀埃及地头生的时候，灾殃必不临到你们身上灭你们。


出12:14
"This is a day you are to commemorate; for the generations to come you shall celebrate it as a festival to the LORD -- a lasting ordinance.
你们要记念这日，守为耶和华的节，作为你们世世代代永远的定例。


出12:15
For seven days you are to eat bread made without yeast. On the first day remove the yeast from your houses, for whoever eats anything with yeast in it from the first day through the seventh must be cut off from Israel.
你们要吃无酵饼七日。头一日要把酵从你们各家中除去，因为从头一日起，到第七日为止，凡吃有酵之饼的，必从以色列中剪除。


出12:16
On the first day hold a sacred assembly, and another one on the seventh day. Do no work at all on these days, except to prepare food for everyone to eat -- that is all you may do.
头一日你们当有圣会，第七日也当有圣会，这两日之内，除了预备各人所要吃的以外，无论何工都不可作。


出12:17
"Celebrate the Feast of Unleavened Bread, because it was on this very day that I brought your divisions out of Egypt. Celebrate this day as a lasting ordinance for the generations to come.
你们要守无酵节，因为我正当这日把你们的军队从埃及地领出来；所以你们要守这日，作为世世代代永远的定例。


出12:18
In the first month you are to eat bread made without yeast, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day.
从正月十四日晚上，直到二十一日晚上，你们要吃无酵饼。


出12:19
For seven days no yeast is to be found in your houses. And whoever eats anything with yeast in it must be cut off from the community of Israel, whether he is an alien or native-born.
在你们各家中，七日之内不可有酵，因为凡吃有酵之物的，无论是寄居的，是本地的，必从以色列的会中剪除。


出12:20
Eat nothing made with yeast. Wherever you live, you must eat unleavened bread."
有酵的物，你们都不可吃，在你们一切住处要吃无酵饼。”


出12:21
Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and said to them, "Go at once and select the animals for your families and slaughter the Passover lamb.
于是，摩西召了以色列的众长老来，对他们说：“你们要按着家口取出羊羔，把这逾越节的羊羔宰了。


出12:22
Take a bunch of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin and put some of the blood on the top and on both sides of the doorframe. Not one of you shall go out the door of his house until morning.
拿一把牛膝草，蘸盆里的血，打在门楣上和左右的门框上。你们谁也不可出自己的房门，直到早晨。


出12:23
When the LORD goes through the land to strike down the Egyptians, he will see the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe and will pass over that doorway, and he will not permit the destroyer to enter your houses and strike you down.
因为耶和华要巡行击杀埃及人，他看见血在门楣上和左右的门框上，就必越过那门，不容灭命的进你们的房屋，击杀你们。


出12:24
"Obey these instructions as a lasting ordinance for you and your descendants.
这例，你们要守着，作为你们和你们子孙永远的定例。


出12:25
When you enter the land that the LORD will give you as he promised, observe this ceremony.
日后，你们到了耶和华按着所应许赐给你们的那地，就要守这礼。


出12:26
And when your children ask you,'What does this ceremony mean to you?'
你们的儿女问你们说：'行这礼是什么意思？'


出12:27
then tell them,'It is the Passover sacrifice to the LORD, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt and spared our homes when he struck down the Egyptians.'" Then the people bowed down and worshiped.
你们就说：'这是献给耶和华逾越节的祭。当以色列人在埃及的时候，他击杀埃及人，越过以色列人的房屋，救了我们各家。'”于是，百姓低头下拜。


出12:28
The Israelites did just what the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron.
耶和华怎样吩咐摩西、亚伦，以色列人就怎样行。


出12:29
At midnight the LORD struck down all the firstborn in Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on the throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner, who was in the dungeon, and the firstborn of all the livestock as well.
到了半夜，耶和华把埃及地所有的长子，就是从坐宝座的法老，直到被掳囚在监里之人的长子，以及一切头生的牲畜，尽都杀了。


出12:30
Pharaoh and all his officials and all the Egyptians got up during the night, and there was loud wailing in Egypt, for there was not a house without someone dead.
法老和一切臣仆，并埃及众人，夜间都起来了。在埃及有大哀号，无一家不死一个人的。


出12:31
During the night Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "Up! Leave my people, you and the Israelites! Go, worship the LORD as you have requested.
夜间，法老召了摩西、亚伦来，说：“起来！连你们带以色列人，从我民中出去，依你们所说的，去事奉耶和华吧！


出12:32
Take your flocks and herds, as you have said, and go. And also bless me."
也依你们所说的，连羊群、牛群带着走吧！并要为我祝福。”


出12:33
The Egyptians urged the people to hurry and leave the country. "For otherwise," they said, "we will all die!"
埃及人催促百姓，打发他们快快出离那地，因为埃及人说：“我们都要死了。”


出12:34
So the people took their dough before the yeast was added, and carried it on their shoulders in kneading troughs wrapped in clothing.
百姓就拿着没有酵的生面，把抟面盆包在衣服中，扛在肩头上。


出12:35
The Israelites did as Moses instructed and asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold and for clothing.
以色列人照着摩西的话行，向埃及人要金器、银器和衣裳。


出12:36
The LORD had made the Egyptians favorably disposed toward the people, and they gave them what they asked for; so they plundered the Egyptians.
耶和华叫百姓在埃及人眼前蒙恩，以致埃及人给他们所要的，他们就把埃及人的财物夺去了。


出12:37
The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Succoth. There were about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides women and children.
以色列人从兰塞起行，往疏割去，除了妇人、孩子，步行的男人约有六十万。


出12:38
Many other people went up with them, as well as large droves of livestock, both flocks and herds.
又有许多闲杂人，并有羊群、牛群和他们一同上去。


出12:39
With the dough they had brought from Egypt, they baked cakes of unleavened bread. The dough was without yeast because they had been driven out of Egypt and did not have time to prepare food for themselves.
他们用埃及带出来的生面烤成无酵饼，这生面原没有发起，因为他们被催逼离开埃及，不能耽延，也没有为自己预备什么食物。


出12:40
Now the length of time the Israelite people lived in Egypt was 430 years.
以色列人住在埃及共有四百三十年。


出12:41
At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the LORD'S divisions left Egypt.
正满了四百三十年的那一天，耶和华的军队都从埃及地出来了。


出12:42
Because the LORD kept vigil that night to bring them out of Egypt, on this night all the Israelites are to keep vigil to honor the LORD for the generations to come.
这夜是耶和华的夜，因耶和华领他们出了埃及地，所以当向耶和华谨守，是以色列众人世世代代该谨守的。


出12:43
The LORD said to Moses and Aaron, "These are the regulations for the Passover: "No foreigner is to eat of it.
耶和华对摩西、亚伦说：“逾越节的例是这样：外邦人都不可吃这羊羔。


出12:44
Any slave you have bought may eat of it after you have circumcised him,
但各人用银子买的奴仆，既受了割礼，就可以吃。


出12:45
but a temporary resident and a hired worker may not eat of it.
寄居的和雇工人都不可吃。


出12:46
"It must be eaten inside one house; take none of the meat outside the house. Do not break any of the bones.
应当在一个房子里吃，不可把一点肉从房子里带到外头去。羊羔的骨头一根也不可折断。


出12:47
The whole community of Israel must celebrate it.
以色列全会众都要守这礼。


出12:48
"An alien living among you who wants to celebrate the LORD'S Passover must have all the males in his household circumcised; then he may take part like one born in the land. No uncircumcised male may eat of it.
若有外人寄居在你们中间，愿向耶和华守逾越节，他所有的男子务要受割礼，然后才容他前来遵守，他也就像本地人一样；但未受割礼的，都不可吃这羊羔。


出12:49
The same law applies to the native-born and to the alien living among you."
本地人和寄居在你们中间的外人同归一例。”


出12:50
All the Israelites did just what the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron.
耶和华怎样吩咐摩西、亚伦，以色列众人就怎样行了。


出12:51
And on that very day the LORD brought the Israelites out of Egypt by their divisions.
正当那日，耶和华将以色列人按着他们的军队，从埃及地领出来。


知识点

重点词汇
elders [ˈeldəz] n. 长老；尊长（elder的复数） n. (Elders)人名；(英)埃尔德斯 { :4056}

sacrifice [ˈsækrɪfaɪs] n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉 vt. 牺牲；献祭；亏本出售 vi. 献祭；奉献 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts gre :4068}

bowed [bəʊd] adj. 有弓的；弯如弓的 { :4098}

disposed [dɪˈspəʊzd] v. 处理；配置；使适应（dispose的过去分词）；使有倾向 adj. 有…倾向的；打算做…的；有某种健康状态的 {toefl gre :4101}

seventh [ˈsevnθ] n. 第七；七分之一 adj. 第七的；七分之一的 adv. 居第七位地 {zk gk :4110}

tucked [tʌkt] vt. 盘（腿）；盘（头发）；使有褶裥；使折叠；收拢（tuck的过去分词） vi. 缝褶裥；折叠（tuck的过去分词） { :4115}

bless [bles] vt. 祝福；保佑；赞美 n. (Bless)人名；(英、意、德、匈)布莱斯 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts :4161}

lambs [læmz] n. 羔羊肉( lamb的名词复数 ); （慈爱或怜悯地描述或称呼某人）宝贝; 像羔羊般柔顺的人 { :4170}

lamb [læm] n. 羔羊，小羊；羔羊肉 vt. 生小羊，产羔羊 vi. 生小羊，产羔羊 n. (Lamb)人名；(英)兰姆；(德)兰布 {zk gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts :4170}

whoever [hu:ˈevə(r)] pron. 无论谁；任何人 n. 《爱谁谁》（电影名） {cet4 cet6 ky :4240}

basin [ˈbeɪsn] n. 水池；流域；盆地；盆 n. (Basin)人名；(俄)巴辛；(法)巴赞 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl :4357}

dough [dəʊ] n. 生面团；金钱 { :4395}

defect [ˈdi:fekt] n. 缺点，缺陷；不足之处 vi. 变节；叛变 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :4403}

summoned [ˈsʌmənd] v. 传唤；召集（summon的过去分词） { :4505}

dip [dɪp] n. 下沉，下降；倾斜；浸渍，蘸湿 vi. 浸；下降，下沉；倾斜；舀，掏 vt. 浸，泡，蘸；舀取；把伸入 n. (Dip)人名；(尼)迪普 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts :4532}

worship [ˈwɜ:ʃɪp] n. 崇拜；礼拜；尊敬 vt. 崇拜；尊敬；爱慕 vi. 拜神；做礼拜 {cet4 cet6 ky ielts gre :4576}

goats [got] n. 山羊（goat的复数形式） { :4674}

throne [θrəʊn] n. 王座；君主；王权 vt. 使登王位 vi. 登上王座 n. (Throne)人名；(瑞典)特罗内；(英)特罗恩 {cet4 cet6 ky gre :4691}

foreigner [ˈfɒrənə(r)] n. 外地人，外国人 {zk gk cet4 cet6 ky :4887}

obey [əˈbeɪ] vt. 服从，听从；按照……行动 vi. 服从，顺从；听话 n. (Obey)人名；(英、法)奥贝 {gk cet4 cet6 ky :4952}

herds [hə:dz] n. 畜群；大量（herd的复数）；人群 v. 聚在一起；结交（herd的三单形式） { :5174}

tenth [tenθ] num. 第十；十分之一 adj. 十分之一的；第十个的 {zk :5237}

flocks [f'lɒks] n. 短纤维，废毛铁；絮凝物，絮状沉淀 { :5337}

egyptians [ɪˈdʒɪpʃənz] n. 埃及人 与古埃及相关的 古埃及人 埃及文化的 { :5515}

feast [fi:st] n. 筵席，宴会；节日 vt. 享受；款待，宴请 vi. 享受；参加宴会 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts :5626}

destructive [dɪˈstrʌktɪv] adj. 破坏的；毁灭性的；有害的，消极的 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :5818}

descendants [dɪ'sendənts] n. 后代，晚辈（descendant的复数）；子节点；衍生物 { :6138}

livestock [ˈlaɪvstɒk] n. 牲畜；家畜 {cet4 toefl ielts :6146}

cloak [kləʊk] n. 斗蓬；宽大外衣；托词 vt. 遮掩；隐匿 n. (Cloak)人名；(英)克洛克 {cet4 cet6 ky :6563}

plague [pleɪg] n. 瘟疫；灾祸；麻烦；讨厌的人 vt. 折磨；使苦恼；使得灾祸 {cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :6638}

twilight [ˈtwaɪlaɪt] adj. 黎明，黄昏；薄暮；衰退期；朦胧状态 n. 黄昏；薄暮；衰退期；朦胧状态 {cet6 ielts :6896}

roasted ['rəʊstɪd] adj. 烤的 v. 热煨（roast的过去分词） { :7679}

roast [rəʊst] n. 烤肉；烘烤 adj. 烘烤的；烤过的 vt. 烤，焙；烘，烘烤；暴露于某种热力下以得温暖 vi. 烤；烘 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :7679}

fourteenth [ˌfɔ:'ti:nθ] num. 第十四 n. 第十四；月的第十四日；十四分之一 adj. 第十四的；第十四个的 { :7850}

ordinance [ˈɔ:dɪnəns] n. 条例；法令；圣餐礼 {toefl gre :7919}

commemorate [kəˈmeməreɪt] vt. 庆祝，纪念；成为…的纪念 {ky toefl ielts gre :7928}

Moses ['mәuziz] n. 摩西（《圣经》故事中犹太人古代领袖）；立法者；领导者 { :8072}

accordance [əˈkɔ:dns] n. 一致；和谐 {cet4 cet6 ky :8086}

sandals [sændlz] n. [服装] 凉鞋；[服装] 拖鞋（sandal的复数）；便鞋 v. 使穿凉鞋（sandal的第三人称单数） { :8141}

slaughter [ˈslɔ:tə(r)] n. 屠宰，屠杀；杀戮；消灭 vt. 屠宰，屠杀；杀戮；使惨败 n. (Slaughter)人名；(英)斯劳特 {cet6 ky ielts gre :8340}

troughs [trɔ:fs] n. 低谷( trough的名词复数 ); 波谷; （喂动物的）食槽; 檐槽 { :8662}

wailing [weilɪŋ] v. 哭泣（wail的ing形式）；哭号 { :8887}

haste [heɪst] n. 匆忙；急忙；轻率 vt. 赶快 vi. 匆忙；赶紧 n. (Haste)人名；(英)黑斯特；(法)阿斯特 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :9482}

yeast [ji:st] n. 酵母；泡沫；酵母片；引起骚动因素 {cet6 gre :10001}

vigil [ˈvɪdʒɪl] n. 守夜；监视；不眠；警戒 n. (Vigil)人名；(西)比希尔 { :10146}

favorably ['feɪvərəblɪ] adv. 顺利地；亲切地；好意地 { :10196}

plundered [ˈplʌndəd] n. 抢夺；战利品；掠夺品 vt. 掠夺；抢劫；侵吞 vi. 掠夺；盗窃 { :11475}

destroyer [dɪˈstrɔɪə(r)] n. 驱逐舰；破坏者；起破坏作用的事物 { :11489}

aaron ['eәrәn] n. 亚伦（男子名）；亚伦（摩西之兄，犹太教的第一祭司长） { :12804}

kneading ['ni:dɪŋ] n. 捏合；捏炼；揉捏法 { :12811}


难点词汇
Passover ['pæs.әuvә] n. （圣经）逾越节；（圣经）逾越节祭神的羔羊 { :14149}

droves [d'rəʊvz] n. 一群人；畜群（drove的复数） v. 买卖；驱赶（drove的三单形式） { :14747}

dungeon [ˈdʌndʒən] n. 地牢，土牢 {toefl :16152}

pharaoh ['færәu] n. 法老；暴君 { :16605}

firstborn [ˈfɜ:stbɔ:n] n. 长子；初生儿；长女 adj. 头生的；第一胎生的 { :18885}

israelites ['izriəlaits] n. 以色列人（Israelite的复数形式） { :19884}

israelite ['izriәlait] n. 以色列人；犹太人 adj. 以色列人的；犹太人的 { :19884}

doorframes [ ] n. 门框 { :24943}

doorframe ['dɔ:freɪm] n. 门框 { :24943}

circumcised [ˈsə:kəmsaizd] vt. 割包皮；割除阴蒂；除去邪念 { :25918}

uncircumcised ['ʌn'sɜ:kəmsaɪzd] adj. 未受割礼的；异邦人的；非犹太人的 { :34139}

unleavened [ˌʌnˈlevnd] adj. 未发酵的；未受激发的 { :34720}

hyssop [ˈhɪsəp] n. 牛膝草；海索草 { :37898}


复习词汇
Egypt ['i:dʒipt] n. 埃及（非洲国家） { :3297}


生僻词
Rameses ['ræmisi:z] 拉美西斯(即Ramses)

Succoth [suː'kɔːt] n. 结茅节（犹太教节日）

worshiped [ˈwə:ʃipt] v. 崇拜，尊崇( worship的过去式和过去分词 ); 做礼拜; 热爱; 爱慕


词组
(in) accordance with [ ] 《英汉医学词典》(in) accordance with 依照,依据

a lamb [ ] [网络] 一只羊；一只小绵羊；羔羊

accordance with [ ] 《英汉医学词典》accordance with 依照,依据

at midnight [ ] [网络] 在午夜；在半夜；午夜时

bitter herb [ ] 【植物】；苦草,伞形埃蕾 (Centaurium erythraea)；龟头花(Chelone glabra)

bitter herbs [ ] 苦草(制苦味酒和饮料用)

Bless me [ ] 天啊,哎呀,好哇!

Bless me ! [ ] (表示惊讶、高兴、沮丧、愤怒等)哎呀!好家伙!我的天哪!

bless me! [ ] <口>哎呀！我的天哪！

bow down [bəu daun] un. 跪拜；打躬作揖 [网络] 鞠躬；俯伏；下拜

drove of livestock [ ] 畜群

in accordance [in əˈkɔ:dəns] [体]with

in accordance with [in əˈkɔ:dəns wið] na. 照；与…一致 [网络] 按照；根据；依照

in haste [in heist] na. 急着；急忙地；仓促地 [网络] 匆忙；匆忙地；急速地

keep vigil [ ] na. 守夜；熬夜

kept vigil [ ] vbl.守夜

kneading trough [ ] n. 揉面槽 [网络] 碎浆机槽

sacrifice to [ ] 向…祭献; 为…牺牲〔奉献〕…, 舍弃…以得到…

seventh day [ ] adj. 以星期六为安息日的 [网络] 第七天；初七；七夕Double

sit on the throne [ ] 执政，当权；称帝，为王

the elder [ ] [网络] 长老；长者；年长的

the feast [ ] [网络] 盛宴；应邀赴宴的宾客；宴席

the goat [ ] [网络] 山羊；摩羯；山羊座

the Lamb [ ] [网络] 羔羊；天使与羔羊；羊羔

the passover [ ] [网络] 逾越节；逾越圣节；指逾越节

the throne [ ] [网络] 王位；宝座；夺取王位

to commemorate [ ] [网络] 纪念；纪念纪念；吊古

tuck into [tʌk ˈɪntuː] na. 藏进；〔口语〕把(食物)塞进肚子里 [网络] 大吃特吃；把食物塞进肚子里；卷成

unleavened bread [ ] un. 不未膨松面团制的面包 [网络] 死面面包；无酵饼；无酵节



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