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21 撒母耳记上第21章



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████    重点词汇
████    难点词汇
████    生僻词
████    词组 & 惯用语

[学习本文需要基础词汇量：13,000 ]
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：4,000 ]

撒上21:1
Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech the priest: and Ahimelech was afraid at the meeting of David, and said unto him, Why art thou alone, and no man with thee?
大卫到了挪伯祭司亚希米勒那里。亚希米勒战战兢地出来迎接他，问他说：“你为什么独自来，没有人跟随呢？”


撒上21:2
And David said unto Ahimelech the priest, The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me, Let no man know any thing of the business whereabout I send thee, and what I have commanded thee: and I have appointed my servants to such and such a place.
大卫回答祭司亚希米勒说：“王吩咐我一件事说：'我差遣你委托你的这件事，不要使人知道。'故此我已派定少年人在某处等候我。


撒上21:3
Now therefore what is under thine hand? give me five loaves of bread in mine hand, or what there is present.
现在你手下有什么？求你给我五个饼，或是别样的食物。”


撒上21:4
And the priest answered David, and said, There is no common bread under mine hand, but there is hallowed bread; if the young men have kept themselves at least from women.
祭司对大卫说：“我手下没有寻常的饼，只有圣饼，若少年人没有亲近妇人才可以给。”


撒上21:5
And David answered the priest, and said unto him, Of a truth women have been kept from us about these three days, since I came out, and the vessels of the young men are holy, and the bread is in a manner common, yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel.
大卫对祭司说：“实在约有三日我们没有亲近妇人。我出来的时候，虽是寻常行路，少年人的器皿还是洁净的；何况今日不更是洁净吗？”


撒上21:6
So the priest gave him hallowed bread: for there was no bread there but the shewbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away.
祭司就拿圣饼给他，因为在那里没有别样饼，只有更换新饼，从耶和华面前撤下来的陈设饼。


撒上21:7
Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul.
当日有扫罗的一个臣子留在耶和华面前。他名叫多益，是以东人，作扫罗的司牧长。


撒上21:8
And David said unto Ahimelech, And is there not here under thine hand spear or sword? for I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king's business required haste.
大卫问亚希米勒说：“你手下有枪有刀没有？因为王的事甚急，连刀剑器械我都没有带。”


撒上21:9
And the priest said, The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom thou slewest in the valley of Elah, behold, it is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod: if thou wilt take that, take it: for there is no other save that here. And David said, There is none like that; give it me.
祭司说：“你在以拉谷杀非利士人歌利亚的那刀在这里，裹在布中，放在以弗得后边，你要就可以拿去。除此以外，再没有别的。”大卫说：“这刀没有可比的！求你给我。”


撒上21:10
And David arose, and fled that day for fear of Saul, and went to Achish the king of Gath.
那日大卫起来，躲避扫罗，逃到迦特王亚吉那里。


撒上21:11
And the servants of Achish said unto him, Is not this David the king of the land? did they not sing one to another of him in dances, saying, Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands?
亚吉的臣仆对亚吉说：“这不是以色列国王大卫吗？那里的妇女跳舞唱和，不是指着他说'扫罗杀死千千，大卫杀死万万'吗？”


撒上21:12
And David laid up these words in his heart, and was sore afraid of Achish the king of Gath.
大卫将这话放在心里，甚惧怕迦特王亚吉，


撒上21:13
And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.
就在众人面前改变了寻常的举动，在他们手下假装疯癫，在城门的门扇上胡写乱画，使唾沫流在胡子上。


撒上21:14
Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me?
亚吉对臣仆说：“你们看，这人是疯子。为什么带他到我这里来呢？


撒上21:15
Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house?
我岂缺少疯子，你们带这人来在我面前疯癫吗？这人岂可进我的家呢？”


知识点

重点词汇
thou [ðaʊ] pron. 你；尔，汝（古时候的叫法） n. (Thou)人名；(法、柬)图 { :4603}

beard [bɪəd] n. 胡须；颌毛 vt. 公然反对；抓…的胡须 vi. 充当掩护；充当男随员 n. (Beard)人名；(英)比尔德 {gk cet4 ky toefl ielts :4690}

detained [diˈteind] v. 被扣留，[法] 扣留（detain的过去分词） { :6059}

sore [sɔ:(r)] n. 溃疡，痛处；恨事，伤心事 adj. 疼痛的，痛心的；剧烈的，极度的；恼火的，发怒的；厉害的，迫切的 n. (Sore)人名；(法)索尔；(意)索雷 {cet4 cet6 ky ielts :6349}

loaves [ləʊvz] n. 大块烤过的食物 { :6892}

spear [spɪə(r)] n. 矛，枪 vt. 用矛刺 n. (Spear)人名；(英)斯皮尔 {gk cet4 cet6 ky gre :8310}

haste [heɪst] n. 匆忙；急忙；轻率 vt. 赶快 vi. 匆忙；赶紧 n. (Haste)人名；(英)黑斯特；(法)阿斯特 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :9482}

unto [ˈʌntə] prep. 到，直到；向（等于to） n. (Unto)人名；(芬)温托 { :9647}

wilt [wɪlt] n. 枯萎；憔悴；衰弱 vi. 枯萎；畏缩；衰弱 vt. 使枯萎；使畏缩；使衰弱 n. (Wilt)人名；(英、德、捷)威尔特 {gre :10000}

behold [bɪˈhəʊld] vt. 看；注视；把...视为 vi. 看 int. 瞧；看呀 {gre :10497}

thee [ði:] pron. 你（古英语thou的宾格） n. (Thee)人名；(德)特厄 { :10567}

slain [sleɪn] v. 杀死（slay的过去分词） { :11472}

hath [hæθ] vt. 有（have的第三人称单数现在式） { :12155}

feigned [feɪnd] adj. 假的；做作的；捏造的 v. 假装；捏造（feign的过去式） {gre :13497}


难点词汇
scrabbled [ˈskræbəld] v. 乱摸( scrabble的过去式和过去分词 ); 扒寻 { :15837}

hallowed [ˈhæləʊd] adj. 神圣的，神圣化的 {gre :16380}

saul [sɔ:l] n. 索尔（男名） { :16436}

yea [jeɪ] n. 赞成；肯定；投赞成票者 adv. 是的 { :18650}

philistine ['filistain] n. 俗气的人；-仇敌；门外汉 adj. 俗气的；无教养的；腓力斯人的 {gre :20080}

sanctified ['sæŋktɪfaɪd] adj. 认可的，批准的；神圣化的 { :20602}

goliath [gәu'laiәθ] n. 哥利亚（圣经中被大卫杀死的巨人）；巨人 { :23943}

spittle [ˈspɪtl] n. 唾沫；吐出的泡沫 n. (Spittle)人名；(英)斯皮特尔 { :24826}

thine [ðaɪn] pron. 你的；你的东西，你的家属（或有关的人） { :27768}

wherefore [ˈweəfɔ:(r)] n. 原因；理由 conj. 因此 adv. 为什么（疑问副词）；为此（关系副词） { :30854}

nob [nɒb] n. 头；大人物；[建] 球形门柄 vt. 打…的头 { :33567}


复习词汇
bread [bred] n. 面包；生计 vt. 在…上洒面包屑 {zk gk :2113}

priest [pri:st] n. 牧师；神父；教士 vt. 使成为神职人员；任命…为祭司 n. (Priest)人名；(英、德)普里斯特 {cet4 cet6 ky :2293}


生僻词
Achish ['eikiʃ] n. 【圣经】亚吉(非利士人，迦特之王，曾两度庇护大卫)[《撒母耳记》上 21∶10～15]

Ahimelech [ ] n. 亚希米勒

chiefest [ ] [网络] 最主要的

Doeg [ ] [网络] 多益；以东人多益；牧长多益

edomite [ˈi:dəˌmaɪt] n. （基督教<圣经>）以东的后裔, 以东人

elah [ ] [网络] 以拉；以拉谷；以拉族长

ephod ['i:fɒd] n. 犹太教的大祭司的法衣

gath [ɡɑ:θ] n. 迦特（基督教《圣经》中腓力斯五大城市之一）

herdmen ['hə:dmən] n. 牧人 n. (Herdman)人名；(英)赫德曼

shewbread ['ʃəʊbred] n. （古犹太教祭司于主日用于祭神的）未发酵的面包

slewest [sluː] vt. slay的变形

whereabout ['hwεәrә.baut] n. 行踪；下落


词组
bread in [ ] vt.强行进入,打断

loaf of bread [ləuf ɔv bred] [网络] 长面包；土司

loaves of bread [ ] 长面包，面包片

mad man ['mædmən] n. 疯子，狂人；精神病患者

mad men [ ] n. <广告狂人>，美国系列剧，首播2007年

the sword [ ] [网络] 名剑；剑漠地区；宝剑



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