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20 撒母耳记上第20章



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████    重点词汇
████    难点词汇
████    生僻词
████    词组 & 惯用语

[学习本文需要基础词汇量：8,000 ]
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：4,000 ]

撒上20:1
And David fled from Naioth in Ramah, and came and said before Jonathan, What have I done? what is mine iniquity? and what is my sin before thy father, that he seeketh my life?
大卫从拉玛的拿约逃跑，来到约拿单那里，对他说：“我做了什么，有什么罪孽呢？在你父亲面前犯了什么罪，他竟寻索我的性命呢？”


撒上20:2
And he said unto him, God forbid; thou shalt not die: behold, my father will do nothing either great or small, but that he will shew it me: and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.
约拿单回答说：“断然不是！你必不至死。我父做事，无论大小，没有不叫我知道的。怎么独有这事隐瞒我呢？决不如此。”


撒上20:3
And David sware moreover, and said, Thy father certainly knoweth that I have found grace in thine eyes; and he saith, Let not Jonathan know this, lest he be grieved: but truly as the LORD liveth, and as thy soul liveth, there is but a step between me and death.
大卫又起誓说：“你父亲准知我在你眼前蒙恩。他心里说：'不如不叫约拿单知道，恐怕他愁烦。'我指着永生的耶和华，又敢在你面前起誓，我离死不过一步。”


撒上20:4
Then said Jonathan unto David, Whatsoever thy soul desireth, I will even do it for thee.
约拿单对大卫说：“你心里所求的，我必为你成就。”


撒上20:5
And David said unto Jonathan, Behold, to morrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king at meat: but let me go, that I may hide myself in the field unto the third day at even.
大卫对约拿单说：“明日是初一，我当与王同席，求你容我去藏在田野，直到第三日晚上。


撒上20:6
If thy father at all miss me, then say, David earnestly asked leave of me that he might run to Bethlehem his city: for there is a yearly sacrifice there for all the family.
你父亲若见我不在席上，你就说，大卫切求我许他回本城伯利恒去，因为他全家在那里献年祭。


撒上20:7
If he say thus, It is well; thy servant shall have peace: but if he be very wroth, then be sure that evil is determined by him.
你父亲若说：'好'，仆人就平安了；他若发怒，你就知道他决意要害我。


撒上20:8
Therefore thou shalt deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the LORD with thee: notwithstanding, if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?
求你施恩与仆人，因你在耶和华面前曾与仆人结盟。我若有罪，不如你自己杀我，何必将我交给你父亲呢？”


撒上20:9
And Jonathan said, Far be it from thee: for if I knew certainly that evil were determined by my father to come upon thee, then would not I tell it thee?
约拿单说：“断无此事！我若知道我父亲决意害你，我岂不告诉你呢？”


撒上20:10
Then said David to Jonathan, Who shall tell me? or what if thy father answer thee roughly?
大卫对约拿单说：“你父亲若用厉言回答你，谁来告诉我呢？”


撒上20:11
And Jonathan said unto David, Come, and let us go out into the field. And they went out both of them into the field.
约拿单对大卫说：“你我且往田野去。”二人就往田野去了。


撒上20:12
And Jonathan said unto David, O LORD God of Israel, when I have sounded my father about to morrow any time, or the third day, and, behold, if there be good toward David, and I then send not unto thee, and shew it thee;
约拿单对大卫说：“愿耶和华以色列的 神为证。明日约在这时候，或第三日，我探我父亲的意思，若向你有好意，我岂不打发人告诉你吗？


撒上20:13
The LORD do so and much more to Jonathan: but if it please my father to do thee evil, then I will shew it thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and the LORD be with thee, as he hath been with my father.
我父亲若有意害你，我不告诉你，使你平平安安地走，愿耶和华重重地降罚与我。愿耶和华与你同在，如同从前与我父亲同在一样。


撒上20:14
And thou shalt not only while yet I live shew me the kindness of the LORD, that I die not:
你要照耶和华的慈爱恩待我。不但我活着的时候免我死亡，


撒上20:15
But also thou shalt not cut off thy kindness from my house for ever: no, not when the LORD hath cut off the enemies of David every one from the face of the earth.
就是我死后，耶和华从地上剪除你仇敌的时候，你也永不可向我家绝了恩惠。”


撒上20:16
So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, Let the LORD even require it at the hand of David's enemies.
于是，约拿单与大卫家结盟说：“愿耶和华借大卫的仇敌追讨背约的罪。”


撒上20:17
And Jonathan caused David to swear again, because he loved him: for he loved him as he loved his own soul.
约拿单因爱大卫如同爱自己的性命，就使他再起誓。


撒上20:18
Then Jonathan said to David, To morrow is the new moon: and thou shalt be missed, because thy seat will be empty.
约拿单对他说：“明日是初一，你的座位空设，人必理会你不在那里。


撒上20:19
And when thou hast stayed three days, then thou shalt go down quickly, and come to the place where thou didst hide thyself when the business was in hand, and shalt remain by the stone Ezel.
你等三日，就要速速下去，到你从前遇事所藏的地方，在以色磐石在那里等候。


撒上20:20
And I will shoot three arrows on the side thereof, as though I shot at a mark.
我要向磐石旁边射三箭，如同射箭靶一样。


撒上20:21
And, behold, I will send a lad, saying, Go, find out the arrows. If I expressly say unto the lad, Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee, take them; then come thou: for there is peace to thee, and no hurt; as the LORD liveth.
我要打发童子说：'去把箭找来。'我若对童子说：'箭在后头，把箭拿来'，你就可以回来，我指着永生的耶和华起誓，你必平安无事。


撒上20:22
But if I say thus unto the young man, Behold, the arrows are beyond thee; go thy way: for the LORD hath sent thee away.
我若对童子说：'箭在前头'，你就要去，因为是耶和华打发你去的。


撒上20:23
And as touching the matter which thou and I have spoken of, behold, the LORD be between thee and me for ever.
至于你我今日所说的话，有耶和华在你我中间为证，直到永远。”


撒上20:24
So David hid himself in the field: and when the new moon was come, the king sat him down to eat meat.
大卫就去藏在田野。到了初一日，王坐席要吃饭。


撒上20:25
And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon a seat by the wall: and Jonathan arose, and Abner sat by Saul's side, and David's place was empty.
王照常坐在靠墙的位上，约拿单侍立，押尼珥坐在扫罗旁边，大卫的座位空设。


撒上20:26
Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not clean; surely he is not clean.
然而这日扫罗没有说什么，他想大卫遇事，偶染不洁，他必定是不洁。


撒上20:27
And it came to pass on the morrow, which was the second day of the month, that David's place was empty: and Saul said unto Jonathan his son, Wherefore cometh not the son of Jesse to meat, neither yesterday, nor to day?
初二日，大卫的座位还空设。扫罗问他儿子约拿单说：“耶西的儿子为何昨日今日没有来吃饭呢？”


撒上20:28
And Jonathan answered Saul, David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Bethlehem:
约拿单回答扫罗说：“大卫切求我容他往伯利恒去。


撒上20:29
And he said, Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother, he hath commanded me to be there: and now, if I have found favour in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren. Therefore he cometh not unto the king's table.
他说：'求你容我去，因为我家在城里有献祭的事，我长兄吩咐我去。如今我若在你眼前蒙恩，求你容我去见我的弟兄。'所以大卫没有赴王的席。”


撒上20:30
Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?
扫罗向约拿单发怒，对他说：“你这顽梗背逆之妇人所生的，我岂不知道你喜悦耶西的儿子，自取羞辱，以致你母亲露体蒙羞吗？


撒上20:31
For as long as the son of Jesse liveth upon the ground, thou shalt not be established, nor thy kingdom. Wherefore now send and fetch him unto me, for he shall surely die.
耶西的儿子若在世间活着，你和你的国位必站立不住。现在你要打发人去，将他捉拿交给我。他是该死的！”


撒上20:32
And Jonathan answered Saul his father, and said unto him, Wherefore shall he be slain? what hath he done?
约拿单对父亲扫罗说：“他为什么该死呢？他做了什么呢？”


撒上20:33
And Saul cast a javelin at him to smite him: whereby Jonathan knew that it was determined of his father to slay David.
扫罗向约拿单抡枪要刺他，约拿单就知道他父亲决意要杀大卫。


撒上20:34
So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no meat the second day of the month: for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.
于是约拿单气忿忿地从席上起来，在这初二日没有吃饭。他因见父亲羞辱大卫，就为大卫愁烦。


撒上20:35
And it came to pass in the morning, that Jonathan went out into the field at the time appointed with David, and a little lad with him.
次日早晨，约拿单按着与大卫约会的时候出到田野，有一个童子跟随。


撒上20:36
And he said unto his lad, Run, find out now the arrows which I shoot. And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.
约拿单对童子说：“你跑去，把我所射的箭找来。”童子跑去，约拿单就把箭射在童子前头。


撒上20:37
And when the lad was come to the place of the arrow which Jonathan had shot, Jonathan cried after the lad, and said, Is not the arrow beyond thee?
童子到了约拿单落箭之地，约拿单呼叫童子说：“箭不是在你前头吗？”


撒上20:38
And Jonathan cried after the lad, Make speed, haste, stay not. And Jonathan's lad gathered up the arrows, and came to his master.
约拿单又呼叫童子说：“速速地去，不要迟延！”童子就拾起箭来，回到主人那里。


撒上20:39
But the lad knew not any thing: only Jonathan and David knew the matter.
童子却不知道这是什么意思，只有约拿单和大卫知道。


撒上20:40
And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad, and said unto him, Go, carry them to the city.
约拿单将弓箭交给童子，吩咐说：“你拿到城里去。”


撒上20:41
And as soon as the lad was gone, David arose out of a place toward the south, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times: and they kissed one another, and wept one with another, until David exceeded.
童子一去，大卫就从磐石的南边出来，俯伏在地，拜了三拜。二人亲嘴，彼此哭泣，大卫哭得更恸。


撒上20:42
And Jonathan said to David, Go in peace, forasmuch as we have sworn both of us in the name of the LORD, saying, The LORD be between me and thee, and between my seed and thy seed for ever. And he arose and departed: and Jonathan went into the city.
约拿单对大卫说：“我们二人曾指着耶和华的名起誓说：'愿耶和华在你我中间，并你我后裔中间为证，直到永远。'如今你平平安安地去吧！”大卫就起身走了；约拿单也回城里去了。


知识点

重点词汇
sacrifice [ˈsækrɪfaɪs] n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉 vt. 牺牲；献祭；亏本出售 vi. 献祭；奉献 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts gre :4068}

bowed [bəʊd] adj. 有弓的；弯如弓的 { :4098}

grace [greɪs] n. 优雅；恩惠；魅力；慈悲 n. (Grace)人名；(英)格雷斯，格雷丝 (女名)；(法)格拉斯 vt. 使优美 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :4104}

arrow [ˈærəʊ] n. 箭，箭头；箭状物；箭头记号 vt. 以箭头指示；箭一般地飞向 n. (Arrow)人名；(英)阿罗 {gk cet4 ky :4127}

arrows ['ærəʊs] n. 箭头 { :4127}

jonathan [ˈdʒɔnəθən] n. 乔纳森（男子名） { :4215}

departed [dɪˈpɑ:tɪd] n. 死者 v. 离去；去世（depart的过去分词） adj. 过去的；死去的；以往的 { :4497}

thou [ðaʊ] pron. 你；尔，汝（古时候的叫法） n. (Thou)人名；(法、柬)图 { :4603}

covenant [ˈkʌvənənt] n. 契约，盟约；圣约；盖印合同 vt. 立约承诺 vi. 订立盟约、契约 {gre :4657}

forbid [fəˈbɪd] vt. 禁止；不准；不允许；〈正式〉严禁 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl gre :4670}

wept [wept] v. 哭泣（weep的过去式） { :5087}

whatsoever [ˌwɒtsəʊ'evə] pron. 无论什么 {cet4 ky :5525}

kindly [ˈkaɪndli] adv. 亲切地；温和地；仁慈地 adj. 亲切的；和蔼的；体贴的；爽快的 { :5999}

artillery [ɑ:ˈtɪləri] n. 火炮；大炮；炮队；炮术 {ielts gre :6538}

kindness [ˈkaɪndnəs] n. 仁慈；好意；友好的行为 n. (Kindness)人名；(英)坎德尼斯 {gk cet4 cet6 ky :7000}

thy [ðaɪ] pron. 你的 n. (Thy)人名；(柬)提 { :7120}

expressly [ɪkˈspresli] adv. 清楚地，明显地；特别地，专门地 {toefl gre :8192}

lest [lest] conj. 唯恐，以免；担心 {cet4 cet6 ky :8827}

yearly [ˈjɪəli] n. 年刊；年鉴 adj. 每年的 adv. 每年；一年一次 {cet4 cet6 ky :8913}

thereof [ˌðeərˈɒv] adv. 它的；由此；在其中；关于…；将它 {cet6 :8952}

notwithstanding [ˌnɒtwɪθˈstændɪŋ] adv. 尽管，仍然 prep. 尽管，虽然 conj. 虽然 {cet6 ky toefl :9042}

haste [heɪst] n. 匆忙；急忙；轻率 vt. 赶快 vi. 匆忙；赶紧 n. (Haste)人名；(英)黑斯特；(法)阿斯特 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :9482}

perverse [pəˈvɜ:s] adj. 堕落的，不正当的；倔强的；违反常情的 {ielts gre :9523}

unto [ˈʌntə] prep. 到，直到；向（等于to） n. (Unto)人名；(芬)温托 { :9647}

grieved [gri:vd] v. 悲伤（grieve的过去式） adj. 伤心的 { :9760}

behold [bɪˈhəʊld] vt. 看；注视；把...视为 vi. 看 int. 瞧；看呀 {gre :10497}

thee [ði:] pron. 你（古英语thou的宾格） n. (Thee)人名；(德)特厄 { :10567}

rebellious [rɪˈbeljəs] adj. 反抗的；造反的；难控制的 {toefl gre :11168}

slay [sleɪ] vt. 杀害，杀死；使禁不住大笑 vi. 杀死，杀害；残杀 n. (Slay)人名；(英、柬)斯莱 {gre :11472}

slain [sleɪn] v. 杀死（slay的过去分词） { :11472}

hath [hæθ] vt. 有（have的第三人称单数现在式） { :12155}

earnestly ['ɜ:nɪstlɪ] adv. 认真地；诚挚地 { :12342}

befallen [bɪˈfɔ:lən] v. 降临到（某人）头上，发生( befall的过去分词 ) { :13921}

smite [smaɪt] vt. 打；重击；毁灭；侵袭；使神魂颠倒 vi. 打；重击 n. 打；重击 { :14488}


难点词汇
saul [sɔ:l] n. 索尔（男名） { :16436}

kindled [ˈkɪndld] 激起 { :16468}

Jesse ['desi] n. 杰西（男子名） { :16701}

nakedness ['neɪkɪdnəs] n. 赤裸；明显；赤身裸体 { :18405}

iniquity [ɪˈnɪkwəti] n. 邪恶；不公正 {gre :19097}

shalt [ʃælt] v. 应该；将要；必须（shall的第二人称单数现在式） n. (Shalt)人名；(英)沙尔特 { :19967}

Bethlehem ['beθlihem] n. 伯利恒（耶稣降生地） { :20858}

javelin [ˈdʒævlɪn] n. 标枪，投枪 n. (Javelin)人名；(英)贾夫林 { :21072}

morrow [ˈmɒrəʊ] n. 次日；（重大事件后）紧接着的时期；晨间 n. (Morrow)人名；(英)莫罗 { :21538}

hast [hæst] n. (Hast)人名；(瑞典)哈斯特；(德、芬)哈斯特 have的第二人称单数现在式 { :24338}

thyself [ðaɪˈself] pron. 你自己（yourself的古体或诗体） { :24636}

shew [ʃəʊ] n. 展览；表示（等于show） n. (Shew)人名；(英)休 v. 展出；炫耀，卖弄（show的过去分词） { :25797}

thine [ðaɪn] pron. 你的；你的东西，你的家属（或有关的人） { :27768}

wherefore [ˈweəfɔ:(r)] n. 原因；理由 conj. 因此 adv. 为什么（疑问副词）；为此（关系副词） { :30854}

spake [speɪk] v. 说（speak的过去式） { :38165}

saith [seθ] says的古体 { :39544}

didst [dɪdst] v. <古>（与thou一起使用），do的第二人称单数过去式 { :49187}


复习词汇
lad [læd] n. 少年，小伙子；家伙 n. (Lad)人名；(英、捷)拉德 {ky :2455}


生僻词
abner ['æbnə] [男子名] 阿布纳来源于希伯来语，含义是“圣父是光明”(the father is light)

cometh [ ] [网络] 来了

desireth [ ] [网络] 欲望

Ezel [ ] [地名] 伊泽尔 ( 美 )

forasmuch [fәrәz'mʌtʃ] conj.鉴于..., 所以

knoweth [ ] [网络] 知道

liveth [ ] [网络] 活着

mayest ['meɪɪst] <古>may的第二人称单数现在时（仅与thou连用）

Naioth [ ] [网络] 拿约；撒母耳就往拿约；撒母耳去拿约

ramah [ ] [地名] [美国] 拉马

seeketh [ ] [网络] 寻求

shouldest ['ʃudist] [古]=shouldst

sware [swεә] v. 发誓（swear的过去式）

wroth [rɔ:θ] adj. 激怒的，愤怒的


词组
covenant with [ ] vt.与...签订

find favour [faind ˈfeivə] 受喜爱，获得欢心，被接受

flee from [ ] [网络] 逃离；从…逃跑；从某地逃离

God forbid [ ] [网络] 上帝禁区；断乎不可；上帝禁止

grieve for [ ] [网络] 哀悼；缅怀；感到痛苦

kindness of [ ] [网络] 敬托

shoot an arrow [ʃu:t æn ˈærəu] na. 射箭 [网络] 同本义

slay me [ ] None

the Lad [ ] [网络] 少年；小耶奋斗记

the morrow [ ] [网络] 明天；次日

thou didst [ ] [网络] 你做了

thou hast [ ] [网络] 你有

thou mayest [ ] [网络] 你可以

thou shalt [ ] [网络] 你却要；你应当；巨龙的名字

to slay [ ] [网络] 杀死；杀害



单词释义末尾数字为词频顺序
 zk/中考 gk/中考 ky/考研 cet4/四级 cet6/六级 ielts/雅思 toefl/托福 gre/GRE
* 词汇量测试建议用 testyourvocab.com