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18 撒母耳记上第18章



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████    重点词汇
████    难点词汇
████    生僻词
████    词组 & 惯用语

[学习本文需要基础词汇量：9,000 ]
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：4,000 ]

撒上18:1
And it came to pass, when he had made an end of speaking unto Saul, that the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul.
大卫对扫罗说完了话，约拿单的心与大卫的心深相契合。约拿单爱大卫，如同爱自己的性命。


撒上18:2
And Saul took him that day, and would let him go no more home to his father's house.
那日扫罗留住大卫，不容他再回父家。


撒上18:3
Then Jonathan and David made a covenant, because he loved him as his own soul.
约拿单爱大卫如同爱自己的性命，就与他结盟。


撒上18:4
And Jonathan stripped himself of the robe that was upon him, and gave it to David, and his garments, even to his sword, and to his bow, and to his girdle.
约拿单从身上脱下外袍，给了大卫，又将战衣、刀、弓、腰带都给了他。


撒上18:5
And David went out whithersoever Saul sent him, and behaved himself wisely: and Saul set him over the men of war, and he was accepted in the sight of all the people, and also in the sight of Saul's servants.
扫罗无论差遣大卫往何处去，他都做事精明。扫罗就立他作战士长，众百姓和扫罗的臣仆无不喜悦。


撒上18:6
And it came to pass as they came, when David was returned from the slaughter of the Philistine, that the women came out of all cities of Israel, singing and dancing, to meet king Saul, with tabrets, with joy, and with instruments of musick.
大卫打死了那非利士人，同众人回来的时候，妇女们从以色列各城里出来，欢欢喜喜，打鼓击磬，歌唱跳舞，迎接扫罗王。


撒上18:7
And the women answered one another as they played, and said, Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands.
众妇女舞蹈唱和说：“扫罗杀死千千，大卫杀死万万。”


撒上18:8
And Saul was very wroth, and the saying displeased him; and he said, They have ascribed unto David ten thousands, and to me they have ascribed but thousands: and what can he have more but the kingdom?
扫罗甚发怒，不喜悦这话，就说：“将万万归大卫，千千归我，只剩下王位没有给他了。”


撒上18:9
And Saul eyed David from that day and forward.
从这日起，扫罗就怒视大卫。


撒上18:10
And it came to pass on the morrow, that the evil spirit from God came upon Saul, and he prophesied in the midst of the house: and David played with his hand, as at other times: and there was a javelin in Saul's hand.
次日，从 神那里来的恶魔大大降在扫罗身上，他就在家中胡言乱语。大卫照常弹琴，扫罗手里拿着枪。


撒上18:11
And Saul cast the javelin; for he said, I will smite David even to the wall with it. And David avoided out of his presence twice.
扫罗把枪一抡，心里说：“我要将大卫刺透，钉在墙上。”大卫躲避他两次。


撒上18:12
And Saul was afraid of David, because the LORD was with him, and was departed from Saul.
扫罗惧怕大卫，因为耶和华离开自己，与大卫同在。


撒上18:13
Therefore Saul removed him from him, and made him his captain over a thousand; and he went out and came in before the people.
所以扫罗使大卫离开自己，立他为千夫长，他就领兵出入。


撒上18:14
And David behaved himself wisely in all his ways; and the LORD was with him.
大卫做事无不精明，耶和华也与他同在。


撒上18:15
Wherefore when Saul saw that he behaved himself very wisely, he was afraid of him.
扫罗见大卫做事精明，就甚怕他。


撒上18:16
But all Israel and Judah loved David, because he went out and came in before them.
但以色列和犹大众人都爱大卫，因为他领他们出入。


撒上18:17
And Saul said to David, Behold my elder daughter Merab, her will I give thee to wife: only be thou valiant for me, and fight the LORD's battles. For Saul said, Let not mine hand be upon him, but let the hand of the Philistines be upon him.
扫罗对大卫说：“我将大女儿米拉给你为妻，只要你为我奋勇，为耶和华争战。”扫罗心里说：“我不好亲手害他，要借非利士人的手害他。”


撒上18:18
And David said unto Saul, Who am I? and what is my life, or my father's family in Israel, that I should be son in law to the king?
大卫对扫罗说：“我是谁，我是什么出身，我父家在以色列中是何等的家，岂敢作王的女婿呢？”


撒上18:19
But it came to pass at the time when Merab Saul's daughter should have been given to David, that she was given unto Adriel the Meholathite to wife.
扫罗的女儿米拉到了当给大卫的时候，扫罗却给了米何拉人亚得列为妻。


撒上18:20
And Michal Saul's daughter loved David: and they told Saul, and the thing pleased him.
扫罗的次女米甲爱大卫。有人告诉扫罗，扫罗就喜悦。


撒上18:21
And Saul said, I will give him her, that she may be a snare to him, and that the hand of the Philistines may be against him. Wherefore Saul said to David, Thou shalt this day be my son in law in the one of the twain.
扫罗心里说：“我将这女儿给大卫，作他的网罗，好借非利士人的手害他。”所以扫罗对大卫说：“你今日可以第二次作我的女婿。”


撒上18:22
And Saul commanded his servants, saying, Commune with David secretly, and say, Behold, the king hath delight in thee, and all his servants love thee: now therefore be the king's son in law.
扫罗吩咐臣仆说：“你们暗中对大卫说：'王喜悦你，王的臣仆也都喜爱你，所以你当作王的女婿。'”


撒上18:23
And Saul's servants spake those words in the ears of David. And David said, Seemeth it to you a light thing to be a king's son in law, seeing that I am a poor man, and lightly esteemed?
扫罗的臣仆就照这话说给大卫听。大卫说：“你们以为作王的女婿是一件小事吗？我是贫穷卑微的人。”


撒上18:24
And the servants of Saul told him, saying, On this manner spake David.
扫罗的臣仆回奏说，大卫所说的如此如此。


撒上18:25
And Saul said, Thus shall ye say to David, The king desireth not any dowry, but an hundred foreskins of the Philistines, to be avenged of the king's enemies. But Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines.
扫罗说：“你们要对大卫这样说：'王不要什么聘礼，只要一百非利士人的阳皮，好在王的仇敌身上报仇。'”扫罗的意思要使大卫丧在非利士人的手里。


撒上18:26
And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son in law: and the days were not expired.
扫罗的臣仆将这话告诉大卫，大卫就欢喜作王的女婿。日期还没有到，


撒上18:27
Wherefore David arose and went, he and his men, and slew of the Philistines two hundred men; and David brought their foreskins, and they gave them in full tale to the king, that he might be the king's son in law. And Saul gave him Michal his daughter to wife.
大卫和跟随他的人起身前往，杀了二百非利士人，将阳皮满数交给王，为要作王的女婿。于是，扫罗将女儿米甲给大卫为妻。


撒上18:28
And Saul saw and knew that the LORD was with David, and that Michal Saul's daughter loved him.
扫罗见耶和华与大卫同在，又知道女儿米甲爱大卫，


撒上18:29
And Saul was yet the more afraid of David; and Saul became David's enemy continually.
就更怕大卫，常作大卫的仇敌。


撒上18:30
Then the princes of the Philistines went forth: and it came to pass, after they went forth, that David behaved himself more wisely than all the servants of Saul; so that his name was much set by.
每逢非利士军长出来打仗，大卫比扫罗的臣仆做事精明，因此他的名被人尊重。


知识点

重点词汇
elder [ˈeldə(r)] n. 老人；长辈；年长者；父辈 adj. 年长的；年龄较大的；资格老的 n. (Elder)人名；(英、德、法、土、葡)埃尔德 {zk gk cet4 ky ielts :4056}

bow [bəʊ] n. 弓；鞠躬；船首 adj. 弯曲的 vi. 鞠躬；弯腰 vt. 鞠躬；弯腰 n. (Bow)人名；(东南亚国家华语)茂；(英)鲍 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl :4098}

jonathan [ˈdʒɔnəθən] n. 乔纳森（男子名） { :4215}

midst [mɪdst] n. 当中，中间 prep. 在…中间（等于amidst） {cet4 cet6 ky :4342}

departed [dɪˈpɑ:tɪd] n. 死者 v. 离去；去世（depart的过去分词） adj. 过去的；死去的；以往的 { :4497}

thou [ðaʊ] pron. 你；尔，汝（古时候的叫法） n. (Thou)人名；(法、柬)图 { :4603}

covenant [ˈkʌvənənt] n. 契约，盟约；圣约；盖印合同 vt. 立约承诺 vi. 订立盟约、契约 {gre :4657}

continually [kən'tɪnjʊəlɪ] adv. 不断地；频繁地 {toefl :4684}

garments ['gɑrmənt] n. [服装] 服装，衣着（garment的复数） { :4822}

robe [rəʊb] n. 长袍，礼服；制服 vi. 穿长袍 vt. 使穿长袍 n. (Robe)人名；(德、罗、塞)罗贝；(英、法)罗布 {cet4 cet6 ky gre :5241}

secretly ['si:krətlɪ] adv. 秘密地；背地里 { :6108}

expired [iks'paiəd] v. 期满（expire的过去分词） adj. 过期的；失效的 { :6647}

ascribed [əˈskraibd] 归于 { :7963}

slaughter [ˈslɔ:tə(r)] n. 屠宰，屠杀；杀戮；消灭 vt. 屠宰，屠杀；杀戮；使惨败 n. (Slaughter)人名；(英)斯劳特 {cet6 ky ielts gre :8340}

wisely [waɪzlɪ] adv. 明智地；聪明地；精明地 n. (Wisely)人名；(英)怀斯利 { :9108}

esteemed [ɪs'ti:md] adj. 受人尊敬的 v. 尊敬；认为（esteem的过去分词） { :9623}

unto [ˈʌntə] prep. 到，直到；向（等于to） n. (Unto)人名；(芬)温托 { :9647}

behold [bɪˈhəʊld] vt. 看；注视；把...视为 vi. 看 int. 瞧；看呀 {gre :10497}

thee [ði:] pron. 你（古英语thou的宾格） n. (Thee)人名；(德)特厄 { :10567}

slew [slu:] n. 回转；沼地；极多 vi. 扭转；侧滑；转向；猛拐 vt. 使扭转；使旋转 v. 杀害（slay的过去式） {gre :11472}

slain [sleɪn] v. 杀死（slay的过去分词） { :11472}

hath [hæθ] vt. 有（have的第三人称单数现在式） { :12155}

commune [ˈkɒmju:n] n. 公社 vi. 谈心，亲密交谈；密切联系 {gre :12245}


难点词汇
smite [smaɪt] vt. 打；重击；毁灭；侵袭；使神魂颠倒 vi. 打；重击 n. 打；重击 { :14488}

valiant [ˈvæliənt] n. 勇士；勇敢的人 adj. 英勇的，勇敢的 {toefl gre :14720}

avenged [əˈvendʒd] v. 为…复仇，报…之仇( avenge的过去式和过去分词 ); 为…报复 { :15208}

prophesied [ˈprɔfɪˌsaɪd] v. 预告，预言( prophesy的过去式和过去分词 ) { :15270}

dowry [ˈdaʊri] n. 嫁妆；天资；亡夫遗产 {gre :15383}

snare [sneə(r)] n. 陷阱；圈套；[外科] 勒除器 vt. 捕捉；诱惑 {gre :16103}

saul [sɔ:l] n. 索尔（男名） { :16436}

displeased [dɪs'pli:zd] v. 使…不快（displease的过去式和过去分词） adj. 不快的；生气的 { :19965}

shalt [ʃælt] v. 应该；将要；必须（shall的第二人称单数现在式） n. (Shalt)人名；(英)沙尔特 { :19967}

girdle [ˈgɜ:dl] n. 腰带；围绕物；妇女紧身褡 vt. 围绕；绕…而行；用带子捆扎 {toefl gre :20042}

philistines [ˈfɪlɪˌsti:nz] n. 市侩，庸人( philistine的名词复数 ); 庸夫俗子 { :20080}

philistine ['filistain] n. 俗气的人；-仇敌；门外汉 adj. 俗气的；无教养的；腓力斯人的 {gre :20080}

javelin [ˈdʒævlɪn] n. 标枪，投枪 n. (Javelin)人名；(英)贾夫林 { :21072}

morrow [ˈmɒrəʊ] n. 次日；（重大事件后）紧接着的时期；晨间 n. (Morrow)人名；(英)莫罗 { :21538}

twain ['twein] n. 两；二；一对 adj. 一对的 n. (Twain)人名；(英)特温 { :22146}

foreskins [ˈfɔ:skinz] n. （阴茎）包皮( foreskin的名词复数 ) { :27739}

wherefore [ˈweəfɔ:(r)] n. 原因；理由 conj. 因此 adv. 为什么（疑问副词）；为此（关系副词） { :30854}

Judah ['dʒu:dә] n. （圣经中的）犹大；犹大的后裔 { :35807}

spake [speɪk] v. 说（speak的过去式） { :38165}


复习词汇
servants ['sɜ:vənts] n. 仆人；服务员（servant的复数） { :1878}


生僻词
adriel [ ] [网络] 得列；安德列；亚得列

desireth [ ] [网络] 欲望

merab [ ] [网络] 米拉；麦洛伯；迈拉卜

michal [ ] [人名] 迈克尔

musick [ ] [人名] 缪齐克

seemeth [ ] [网络] 似乎

tabrets ['tæbrit] n. 小手鼓 [废语]小鼓鼓手

whithersoever [ˌwɪðəsəʊ'evə] adv. 到任何地方，无论何处

wroth [rɔ:θ] adj. 激怒的，愤怒的


词组
avenge of [ ] 使向…报仇，报…仇[通常用于被动语态]

commune with [ ] [网络] 与……谈心；交流

David and Jonathan [ ] na. 同生共死的朋友 [网络] 莫逆之交；大卫和约拿单；大卫和约拿丹

delight in [ ] un. 趣味盎然；津津乐道 [网络] 喜欢；以…为乐；乐于

depart from [diˈpɑ:t frɔm] na. 背离；不合(习惯等)；违反 [网络] 离开；离开，起程；开出

evil spirit [ ] un. 魔鬼 [网络] 邪灵；恶魔；妖精

in the midst [ ] [网络] 在情况中；於其中

in the midst of [in ðə midst ɔv] [网络] 在…当中，在…中间；意思是在某一进程之中；正当…的时候

servant of [ ] [网络] 的仆人

the evil [ ] [网络] 第三种人是恶人；邪魔

the javelin [ ] [网络] 标枪；投掷标枪；掷标

the morrow [ ] [网络] 明天；次日

the robe [ ] [网络] 圣袍千秋；长袍；睡袍

thou shalt [ ] [网络] 你却要；你应当；巨龙的名字

with joy [ ] [网络] 高兴地；喜悦地；大声欢叫



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